مدیریت تلفیقی علف هرز جودره (Hordeum spontaneum Koch.) در مزارع گندم در شرایط هیرم کاری

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

مؤسسه تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

به منظور بررسی امکان کنترل تلفیقی علف هرز جودره
(Hordeum spontaneum Koch.) در مزارع گندم (Triticum aestivum L.) در شرایط هیرم کاری آزمایشی با استفاده از علفکش سولفوسولفورون و مقادیر مختلف تراکم کاشت گندم به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در چهار تکرار در سال زراعی 86-1385 در بخش ملک آباد شهرستان قم مطالعه‌ای صورت گرفت. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل مقدار بذر کشت شده گندم در مقادیر (250، 275 و 300 کیلوگرم بذر در هکتار) و زمان مصرف علفکش سولفوسولفورون در مراحل رشدی (چهار برگی، شش برگی و هشت برگی علف هرز جودره) بودند. نتایج نشان داد که با در نظر گرفتن عملکرد اقتصادی گندم و ملاحظات زیست محیطی، تلفیق مصرف 275 کیلوگرم بذر گندم در هکتار و کاربرد علفکش سولفوسولفورون به میزان 27 گرم در هکتار به همراه سیتوگیت به میزان 2 درصد در مرحله چهار برگی علف هرز جودره بیشترین تأثیر را بر کاهش خسارت جودره داشت. همچنین اثر این تیمارها به طور معنی داری صفات مورد بررسی این علف هرز را کاهش داد و از طرفی پارامترهای اندازه‌گیری شده گندم (بویژه عملکرد دانه) نیز در این تیمارها در حد مطلوبی بود. کاربرد تیمارهای تلفیقی اشاره شده سبب کاهش زاد‌آوری بذر جودره شد و همین امر سبب کاهش ورود بذر این علف‌هرز به بانک بذر می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Integrated management of wild barley (Hordeum spontaneum Koch) in wheat field under stale seedbed condition

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Ali Baghestani
  • Hasan Sayedipour
  • Eskandar Zand
  • Mehdi Minbashi
  • Fariba Maighani
  • Ali Lashkari
Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Field experiment was conducted in order to determine the effect of wheat seeding rate and time of application of sulfosulfuron for control of Hordeum spontaneum in wheat field in 2007 in Qom Province, Iran. The experimental design was completely randomized block with four replications in which treatments were arranged as factorial. The treatments were wheat seed rates at 250, 275 and 300 kg/ha and time of application of sulfosulfuron in different growth stages of Hordeum spontaneum (four-leaves, six leaves and eight leaves). Results showed that using 275 kg/ha and application of sulfosulfuron at four-leaves growth stage of Hordeum spontaneum in stale seedbed method were the best treatments for suppressing of Hordeum spontaneum in wheat field. These treatments reduced growth of Hordeum spontaneum while increased attributed growth criteria of wheat, particularly wheat grain yield. According to economical and environmental standpoints, using wheat seed rate at 275 kg/ha and applying sulfosulfuron at four-leaves stage of Hordeum spontaneum were the best treatment for integrated management of wild barley. These treatments affected seed production of wild barley, therefore, the input of wild barley seed to seed bank can be reduced by mentioned treatments.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Seeding rate
  • Herbicide
  • Sulfosulfuron
  • Cultural control
  • Seed bank
  • Competition
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