اثرات زیست‌محیطی تولید بادام‌زمینی در آستانه‌اشرفیه استان گیلان

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه ماشین های کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

2 گروه مهندسی مکانیک ماشین های کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

3 گروه ماشین های کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، ایران

چکیده

همواره بخشی از انتشارات گازهای گلخانه‌ای و دیگر آلاینده‌های زیست‌محیطی، مربوط به فعالیت‌های کشاورزی است. از این رو بررسی اثرات زیست‌محیطی فعالیت‌های کشاورزی و ارائه راهبردهای مناسب جهت کاهش این اثرات سو از اهمیت ویژه‌ای برخوردار است. در این مطالعه به منظور تعیین اثرات زیست‌محیطی تولید بادام‌زمینی در استان گیلان از روش ارزیابی چرخه حیات استفاده شد. این اثرات در قالب شش گروه تأثیر گرمایش جهانی، اسیدیته، هوپرورش خشکی، تخلیه منابع فسیلی، تخلیه منابع فسفات و تخلیه منابع پتاسیم بررسی شد. در این تحقیق کود نیتروژن، فسفر و پتاسیم، و گازوئیل برای تولید بادام‌زمینی و خشک کردن آن به عنوان نهاده های اصلی ورودی به سامانه تولید که موجب اثرات سوء زیست محیطی می شوند، شناخته شد. با تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها، شاخص نهایی برای تولید یک تن بادام‌زمینی در منطقه برای گروه‌های تأثیر گرمایش جهانی، اسیدیته، هوپرورش خشکی، تخلیه منابع فسیلی، تخلیه منابع فسفات و تخلیه منابع پتاسیم به ترتیب برابر 036/0، 194/0، 316/0، 64/3، 266/0 و 0243/0 محاسبه شد. بدین معنی که شاخص تخلیه منابع فسیلی در تولید یک تن بادام‌زمینی در استان گیلان دارای پتانسیل بیشتری برای آسیب به محیط‌زیست است. در این تحقیق، شاخص زیست‌محیطی در تولید یک تن بادام‌زمینی برابر 55/0 و شاخص تخلیه منابع 93/3 محاسبه شد. همچنین شاخص‌های نهایی گرمایش جهانی، اسیدیته، هوپرورش خشکی، تخلیه منابع فسیلی، تخلیه منابع فسفات و تخلیه منابع پتاسیم به ترتیب 0015/0، 0082/0، 0133/0 ، 153/0 ، 0112/0 و 0010/0 برای تولید 1000 مگاژول انرژی به دست آمد.// // // // // // // //

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Environmental Impacts of Peanut Production in Astaneh Ashrafiyeh of Guilan Province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Amin Nikkhah 1
  • Alireza Taheri-Rad 1
  • Mehdi Khojastehpour 1
  • Bagher Emadi 2
  • Hossein Payman 3
1 Department of Agricultural Machinery, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
3 Department of Agricultural Machinery, University of Guilan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Agricultural activities have always been partly responsible for the emission of greenhouse gases and other environmental contaminants in the atmosphere. Thus, studying on the environmental effects of agricultural activities and proposing appropriate strategies to mitigate these adverse effects can be paramount importance. In this study, in order to determine the environmental impacts of peanut production in Guilan province, the life cycle assessment method was used. These effects in six groups; the global warming, acidification, terrestrial eutrophication, the depletion of fossil resources, the depletion of potassium and the depletion of phosphate were investigated. In this research, the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers and diesel fuel for one-ton production and drying of peanut were set as the input to production system that cause the environmental impacts. Dada analysis revealed that the final indicators for one-ton production of peanut for the global warming, acidity, the depletion of fossil resources, eutrophication, the deplete of potassium resources and the depletion of phosphate resources were calculated 0.036, 0.194, 3.64, 0.316, 0.0243 and 0.266, respectively. It suggests that in one-ton production of peanut in Guialn province, the depletion of fossil resources has the most severe environmental effect followed by the eutrophication. In this study, the environmental index (ECOX) and resources depletion index (RDI) for one-ton production of peanut were obtained 0.55, 3.93, respectively. Also, final indicators for the global warming, acidification, the depletion of fossil resources, eutrophication, the depletion of phosphate resources and the depletion of potassium resources were 0.0015, 0.0082, 0.153, 0.0112 and 0.0010 respectively, for generating 1000 MJ energy.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Peanut
  • life cycle assessment
  • Global warming
  • ECOX
  • depletion of fossil resources
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