پهنه‌بندی اگرواکولوژیکی بخشی از اراضی قزوین برای کشت گندم (Triticum aestivum L.) با استفاده از RS و GIS

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

یکی از ابزارهای مؤثر برای شناخت توانمندیهای اراضی و اختصاص آنها به بهترین و سودآورترین انواع بهره‌وری، پهنه‌بندی اگرواکولوژی می‌باشد. در این تحقیق به منظور پهنه‌بندی اگرواکولوژی اراضی از تصاویر ماهواره‌ای و سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی استفاده شد. و پس از پهنه‌بندی اگروکلیماتیک ( بر اساس نقشه‌های هم باران، هم دما و طول دوره رشد) و پهنه‌بندی اگروادافیک ( بر اساس نقشه‌های خاک، شیب و کاربری اراضی)، در نهایت 43 پهنه اگرواکولوژی به دست آمد. سپس مشخصات اقلیم، خاک و توپوگرافی هر پهنه با نیازهای رویشی گندم مقایسه و کلاس‌های تناسب اراضی با استفاده از روش پارامتریک (ریشه دوم) تعیین شدند. نتایج نشان داد که کلاس تناسب اقلیم برای محصول گندم خیلی مناسب (S1) می‌باشد. بر اساس روش ریشه دوم تقریباً 14/34%، 16/43%، 94/14%، 03/4% و 72/3 اراضی به ترتیب در کلاس‌های خیلی مناسب (S1)، مناسب (S2)، تناسب بحرانی (S3)، نامناسب (N) و مطالعه نشده (NS) قرار گرفتند. به علاوه محدودیت‌های عمده در منطقه شامل عمق خاک و درصد سنگریزه در شمال منطقه، همچنین شور و سدیمی بودن اراضی ، کمبود ماده آلی و گچ در جنوب منطقه می‌باشد. پتانسیل تولید گندم نیز با استفاده از روش فائو محاسبه شد و مقدار آن 6666 کیلوگرم در هکتار به دست آمد. همچنین پتانسیل تولید اراضی در هر یک از پهنه‌ها، نیز تعیین شد. این کاهش عملکرد نسبت به پتانسیل تولید به علت تأثیر عوامل محدود کننده می‌باشد که با اصلاح این محدودیت‌ها مثل اعمال مدیریت صحیح از قبیل افزایش ماده آلی به خاک و زهکشی و آبشویی اراضی می‌توان عملکرد محصول را افزایش داد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Agro-ecological Zoning of the Qazvin area for wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) using RS and GIS

نویسندگان [English]

  • abbas taati
  • Fereydoon sarmadian
University of Tehran
چکیده [English]

One of the effective tools for identifying land resources and assign them to the best and most profitable forms of land productivity, susceptibility of Agro-ecological zoning . In this study Agro-ecological zoning of satellite imagery and GIS were used. After Agro-climatic zoning (based on isorain, isothermal and length of growing period maps) and Agro-edaphic zoning (based on soil, slope and land use maps), in total, 43 Agro-ecological zoning were achieved. The climate, soil and topographic characteristics of the zone were compared with crop requirements for wheat and land suitability classes were determined using the parametric square root methods . The results showed that climate suitability classes for wheat are highly suitable (S1). Based on squre root of almost 34/14%, 43/16%, 14/94%, 4/03% and 3/72% respectively in the classes land highly suitable (S1), moderately suitable (S2), marginally suitable (S3), unsuitable (N) and unstudied (NS( are. In addition, soil depth and gravel percentage in the Northern part. Also, salinity, alkalinity, lack of organic matter and gypsum are major limiting factors in the Southern part area. Potential yield of wheat was calculated using the FAO method and amount of 6666 kg per hectare , respectively. Also, land production potential in each of the zone was determined. This loss of yield due to the potential yield impact of limiting factors that modify management actions such as increased organic matter to the soil, land drainage and leaching can increase crop yield.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Satellite Images
  • land use
  • suitability classes
  • Square root
  • Potential yield
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