ارزیابی زراعی- بوم‌شناختی اراضی شهرستان بهشهر جهت کشت عدس(Lens culinaris Medik.)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه زراعت، دانشکده تولید گیاهی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران

2 گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده علوم زراعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران

چکیده

این مطالعه با هدف ارزیابی زراعی- بوم‌شناختی اراضی شهرستان بهشهر (بخش یانه‌سر) جهت کشت عدس(Lens culinaris Medik.) با استفاده تحلیل­های مکانی سامانه اطلاعات جغرافیایی و فرآیند تحلیل سلسله مراتبی در سال 1400- 1401 انجام شد­. برای این منظور، از متغییرهای اقلیمی (دماهای کمینه، بیشینه، متوسط و بارش سالانه)، توپوگرافی (شیب، جهت و ارتفاع از سطح دریا) و خصوصیات خاک (بافت­، وزن مخصوص ظاهری­، پتاسیم، فسفر، نیتروژن، مس، منگنز، آهن، آهک، ماده آلی، هدایت الکتریکی و اسیدیته) استفاده شد. نقشه­های موضوعی هر یک از متغیرها با مدل­های مختلف موجود در  ArcGIS 10.8­تهیه شد. سپس با اختصاص وزن­های فرآیند تحلیل سلسله مراتبی ((AHP روی­هم­گذاری شدند. نقشه نهایی با ارزش­های بسیار مستعد، مستعد، نیمه‌مستعد و غیرمستعد در چهار کلاس طبقه­بندی شد. براساس نتایج به‌دست آمده در نقشه نهایی استعدادسنجی، بخش­هایی از شمال و مرکز محدوده مورد مطالعه از مطلوبیت عوامل محیطی برخوردار بودند، امّا قسمت­هایی از شمال غرب و مرکز و جنوب منطقه در پهنه غیرمستعد قرار گرفتند. مناطق بسیار مستعد برای کشت گیاه عدس با 52/12 درصد در قسمت شمالی منطقه براساس مطلوبیت عوامل اقلیمی، خاک و توپوگرافی کمترین مساحت را داشتند. در مجموع، دو پهنه بسیار مستعد و مستعد 97/56 درصد منطقه را شامل شدند. از طرفی، پهنه­های نیمه‌مستعد و غیرمستعد 03/43 درصد از کل مساحت منطقه را به خود اختصاص دادند. مناطقی در شمال­غرب، مرکز و قسمت­هایی از جنوب غرب برای کشت عدس نیمه‌مستعد یا غیرمستعد تعیین شدند. از دلایل اصلی این نتیجه می­توان به کمبود برخی متغییرهای خاکی مانند ماده آلی و شرایط نامناسب اقلیمی از جمله کمبود بارش و نیز توپوگرافی (شیب و جهت جغرافیایی) نام برد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Agro-Ecological Assessment of Lands in Behshahr County for Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) Cultivation

نویسندگان [English]

  • Karim Reyahi 1
  • Hossein Kazemi 1
  • Afshin Soltani 1
  • Fardin Sadeghzadeh 2
1 Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Plant Production, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
2 Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Sari University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources
چکیده [English]

Introduction
 
Agriculture is one of the most important economic sectors of the country, and it plays a vital role in achieving sustainable development, which requires the use of scientific principles and methods and the recognition of environmental capabilities. In this regard, there is a close relationship between agricultural development and environmental resources. In recent years, the level of agricultural land has decreased, and this decrease in land suitable for agricultural production can be attributed to the lack of optimal land use, which has directly affected the ability to produce food on a large scale and seriously affected food security. However, in many cases, agricultural systems have low production, which is related to management issues. Also, the climatic capabilities of the regions are sometimes effective as a limiting factor in crop production. Based on this, it is very important to identify the capabilities of the land before the performance of various activities such as agriculture. This study was carried out with the aim of agroecological evaluation of lands in Behshahr County (Yane-Sar region) for lentil cultivation using spatial analysis of geographical information system (GIS) and analysis hierarchy process (AHP) in 2021-2022.
 
Materials and Methods
 
This research was carried out in the agricultural lands of the Yane-sar district of Behshahr county in Mazandaran province from 2021 to 2022. In order to prepare digital maps of soil characteristics of agricultural lands, agricultural soil samples were taken after the harvest in the summer of 2021. In this research, climatic variables (minimum, maximum, average temperatures and annual precipitation), topography (slope, aspect, and elevation above sea level), and soil characteristics (texture, K, P, Cu, Mn, N, Fe, TNV, organic matter, EC, pH) were used. Thematic maps for each variable were created using various models in ArcGIS 10.8 and then overlaid with AHP weights. The final map was classified into four categories: high suitability, suitability, semi-suitability, and non-suitability.
 
Results and Discussion
 
The results showed that the range of electrical conductivity (EC) in the soil of agricultural lands of the study area was between 0.84-2.63 dS m-1. According to its distribution, most of it is located in the northwest and southeast of the region, and its lowest value is located in the central and northern regions. Also, the results showed that the distribution of soil organic matter (OM) is between 0.35-7.22 percent. The central and southern areas of this region had the minimum percentage of organic matter. The results showed that the most suitable areas for lentil cultivation are located in the northern, central, and southern parts of the region. In general, two classes of high suitability and suitability comprise about 56.97% of the area. One of the main reasons for this result was the suitable soil fertility, rainfall, and topographical conditions. Zones with semi-suitability and non-suitability cultivation potential were also included in 43.03% of the region's area. The results showed that the northwest, parts of the centre, and parts of the southwest were located in the semi-suitability class for lentil cultivation. 
 
Conclusion 
 
Considering various factors to determine the suitable lands for lentil cultivation, it was found that most of the agricultural lands in the studied region were in zones of high suitability for lentil cultivation. Also, in the semi-suitability and non-suitability classes, low nitrogen amount in parts of the centre, high humidity and rainfall in the west of the region, high phosphorus amounts in parts of the central and northwest regions, the inappropriate texture in some fields and low rainfall were determined as limiting factors for the growth of lentil.
 



 
 



 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Analysis Hierarchy Process (AHP)
  • Geographic Information System (GIS)‌
  • Land use suitability

©2023 The author(s). This is an open access article distributed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source.

مراجع

  1. Abbasi, F., Seshatian, K., Treasury, L., Mohammadnia Qaraei, S., & Athamari, M. (2012). Locating the most suitable areas for dry wheat cultivation (Case study: North Khorasan province). Climatology Research Journal, 4(13-14), 58-72.­ (In Persian with English abstract).
  2. Bidadi, M.J., Kamkar, B., Abdi, O., & Kazemi, H. (2015). Land suitability analysis on rainfed wheat cropping using geospatial information systems (A case study: Qaresoo basin). Journal of Agricultural Science and Sustainable Production, 25(1), 131-143. ­)In Persian with English abstract)
  3. Baniaghil, A.S. (2015). Zoning and physical assessment of land suitability for particular crops (wheat, soybean) using GIS in Golestan province. M.Sc. Thesis, Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad, Iran. (In Persian with English abstract)
  4. Godfray, H. C. J., Beddington, J. R., Crute, I. R., Haddad, L., Lawrence, D., Muir, J. F., & Toulmin, C. (2010). Food security: the challenge of feeding 9 billion people. Science, 327(5967), 812-818. doi: 10.1126/science.1185383
  5. Halabian, A.H., & Ismaili, N. (2016). Assessment of land suitability based on climatic elements for rapeseed cultivation using fuzzy model and AHP in Kurdistan province. Environmental Science and Technology, 19(4),150-133.)In Persian with English abstract)
  6. Hanafi, A., & Khushal Dastjerdi, C. (2016). Identification of favourable areas for dry wheat cultivation in Zanjan province based on agricultural climate parameters. Geographical Space, 17 (59), 47-66. (In Persian with English abstract)
  7. Kamkar, B. & Mahdavi Damghani, A.M. (2008). Fundamental of Sustainable Agriculture. Jahad Daneshgahi Press of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran. 315 p. (In Persian )
  8. Kazemi, H., & Akinci, H. (2018). A land use suitability model for rainfed farming by Multi-criteria Decision-making Analysis (MCDA) and Geographic Information System (GIS), Ecological Engineering, 116, 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2018.02.021.
  9. Kazemi, H., Sadeghi, S., & Akinci, H. (2016). Developing a land evaluation model for faba bean cultivation using geographic information system and multi-criteria analysis (A case study: Gonbad-Kavous region, Iran), Ecological Indicators, 63,37-47. ‏ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2015.11.021.
  10. Kazemi, H., Tahmasebi Sarvestani, Z., Kamkar, B., Shataei, S., & Sadeghi, S. (2014). Agro-ecological zoning of Golestan province lands for soybean cultivation using Geographical In Formation System (GIS). Journal of Agricultural Science and Sustainable Production, 23(4), 21-40. )In Persian with English abstract). https://doi.org/20.1001.1.2008739.1393.7.2.10.5.
  11. Koocheki, H., Hosseini, M., & Hashemi Dezfooli, A. (2008). Sustainable Agriculture, (Translation), University Jihad Press of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran. 162 p. )In Persian )
  12. Majnoon Hosseini, N. (1997). Legumes in Iran. Jihad Publishing Institue, Tehran, 240. (In Persian)
  13. Makhdoom, M., (2012). Land use Planning Fundamental. University of Tehran Press, Tehran, Iran. )In Persian abstract)
  14. Makhdoom, M. (2011). Foundation of Amish Sarmeen (11th edition). Tehran University Press, Tehran, Iran. p. 289. (In Persian)
  15. Malkuti, M.J. & Ghaibi, M.N. (2007). Determining the critical limit of nutritional elements of strategic crops and the correct recommendation of fertilizers in the country, Agricultural Education Publication, 56.
  16. Motiee Langroudi, S. H., Nasiri, H., Azizi, A., & Mostafaie, A. (2012). Modeling the ecological capability for agricultural and rangeland land use using Fuzzy AHP in GIS environment (Case study: Marvdasht County). Town and Country Planning, 4(6), 125-148.)In Persian with English abstract). https://doi.org/10.22059/jtcp.2012.28792
  17. Montgomery, B., Dragic´evic, S., Dujmovic, J., & Schmidt, M., (2016). GIS-based logic scoring of preference method for evaluation of land capability and suitability for agriculture. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 124 (2016), 340–353. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2016.04.013.
  18. Nasralhi, N., Kazemi, H., Kamkar, B., & Sadeghi, S. (2015). Agro-ecological assessment of the lands of Aqqla city (Golestan province) for dry wheat cultivation using geographic information system (GIS). Journal of Agriculture, 110, 94-83. )In Persian with English abstract). https://org/10.22092/AJ.2016.109340.
  19. Nazari Viand, F., Koohestani, H., Zarifian, S., & Kazemieh, F. (2020). Land suitability assessment for agriculture using analytical hierarchy process in northern parts of Khalkhal county (case study: Mikaeel abad catchment). Journal of Agricultural Science and Sustainable Production, 93(9), 225-239. )In Persian with English abstract)
  20. Omkarprasad, V., Kumar, S. (2004). Analytic hierarchy process: An overview of applications. European Journal of Operational Research, 169(1),1-29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2004.04.028
  21. Pakpurrabati, A., Jafarzadeh, A.A., Shahbazi, F., & Ammary, P. (2013). Assessment of susceptible land for some agricultural crops in some regions of west Azerbaijan province using geographical information system. Journal of Soil and Water, 23(1): 165-176. )In Persian with English abstract)
  22. Porhadian, H. (2021). Proportioning of lands in Lorestan province for the second cultivation of fodder millet with the help of ANP, GIS and fuzzy logic. Journal of Agricultural Science and Sustainable Production, 31(4), 288-302. )In Persian with English abstract). https://doi.org/10.22034/SAPS.2021.42810.2576.
  23. Safaripour, M., & Naseri, D. (2018). Assessing the suitability of land for the establishment of agricultural and pasture land uses with the weighted linear combination method (case study: Onar Chai basin of Ardabil province). Environmental Science and Technology Quarterly, 21 (8), 113-123. https://doi.org/10.3390/su122310134.
  24. Sari Saraf, B., Actor, S., & Mohammadi, G.H. (2009). Zoning of climatic potentials of dry wheat cultivation in West Azarbaijan province. Geography and Development, 13, 5-26. )In Persian with English abstract). https://doi.org/10.22111/gdij.2009.1226.
  25. Shahi-Moridi, R., Kazemi, H., & Kamkar B. (2016). Evaluation of sustainable agricultural development in Golestan province. Journal of Agricultural Science and Sustainable Production, 27(1), 197-215­. ­)In Persian with English abstract). https://doi.org/10.22059/JTCP.2020.294811.670053.
  26. Sys, I., Van-Ranst, E., & Debveye, J. (1991). Land evaluation, part 1: principles in land evaluation and crop calculations. General administration for development cooperation. Agricultural Publications, 7, Brussels, Belgium.

27.  Thanh Tuan, N., QIU, J., Verdoodt, A., LI, H., & Ranst, E. V. (2011). Temperature and precipitation suitability evaluation for the winter wheat and summer maize cropping system in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain of China. Agricultural Sciences in China, 10, 2, 275-288. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1671-2927(11)60005-9

  1. Trashi, M., Rahmi Karizki, A., Biabani, A., & Salahi Farahani, M. (2020). Evaluation of land suitability of Golestan province for chickpea cultivation based on climatic factors. Iranian Legume Research Journal, 11 (1), 62-73. ­)In Persian with English abstract),https:// doi.org/10.22067/IJPR.V11I1.70708.
  2. Tuanpour, N., & Ghaemi, A.A. (2015). Zoning of Fars province in terms of dry season wheat cultivation based on rainfall parameters and morphological factors. Iranian Journal of Irrigation and Drainage, 4 (10), 555-544. )In Persian with English abstract)
ارسال نظر در مورد این مقاله
CAPTCHA Image

فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 23 آذر 1402
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 27 بهمن 1402
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 05 خرداد 1403
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 10 آذر 1403

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار