ارزیابی مقاومت گندمیان وحشی به سمیت آلومینیم در مرغزارهای اسیدی

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

چکیده

در خاک‌های اسیدی، سمیت آلومینیم، نخستین عامل محدودکننده عملکرد گیاهان زراعی و علوفه ای است.
در pH < 5.0، حل پذیری آلومینیم افزایش یافته و به صورت فاکتور سمی در محیط ریشه هویدا می‌گردد. موضوع این کار مقایسه مقاومت به آلومینیم میان گندمیان وحشی مرغزارهای اسیدی و ارزیابی رابطه میان ویژگی کارکردی گیاه و مقاومت به سمیت آلومینیم در محلول غذایی بود. بعلاوه، یک واریته حساس ﴿Lolium perenne﴾ به عنوان شاهد در نظرگرفته شده بود. با اندازه‌گیری طول نسبی ریشه و آستانه بحرانی آلومینیم (کاهش ٥٠٪ درازای ریشه) تفاوت بزرگی میان گونه‌های گراس‌های تست شده دیده شد. آستانه بحرانی{Al 3+}50 برای گونه‌های perenne Lolium ، Molinia coerulea، Holcus lanatus و Danthonia decumbensبترتیب٣، ١٣، ١٤، ٢٦ میکرمول بودند. هیچ گونه رابطه ای میان ویژگی میزان ماده خشک برگ(LDMC) و مقاومت به Al پیدا نشد. گونه Holcus lanatus مقاوم به سمیت Al وبا یکLDMC کم، شایسته بررسی‌های بیشتری در مورد کیفیت خوراکی آن برای دام‌ها می‌باشد. گونه D. Decumbens با مقاومت بالا به سمیت آلومینیم و باLDMC بالا می‌تواند در زمینه مکانیزم‌های مقاومت به آلومینیم و کاربردهای دیگری مانند حفاظت از خاک‌های خیلی اسیدی در برابر فرسایش، مورد بررسی بیشتر واقع شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of resistance to Al toxicity in wild graminae of acid meadows

نویسندگان [English]

  • Vahid Poozesh
  • Pablo Kerooz
  • Jeorje Yertoni
چکیده [English]

In acid soils, aluminium toxicity is the primary factor limiting crop and forage production. At soil pH < 5.0, Al solubility increases and Al appears to be rhizotoxic. The objectives of the present study were to compare Al tolerance among wild graminae of acid meadows and to evaluate the relation between a plant functional trait and the Al resistance, in nutrient solution. In addition, a sensitive Lolium perenne variety was included as a control. There was a great difference among the graminaceous species tested, when compared by relative root elongation and critical Al activity corresponding to 50% root elongation reduction. The {Al 3+}50 activities were 3, 13 , 14 et 26 µM for Lolium perenne, Molinia coerulea, Holcus lanatus and Danthonia decumbens, respectively. No relation was found between the functional trait leaf dry matter content (LDMC) and Al resistance. Holcus lanatus, tolerant to Al toxicity, with a low LDMC, would deserve a further study of its nutritional qualities for cattle. The very tolerant D. decumbens, with a high LDMC, would present an interest for a later study of the mechanisms of tolerance to Al and possibly, for other applications like the protection of the very acid soils against erosion.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Grass
  • Aluminium
  • Acid soils
  • Meadows
  • Leaf dry matter content (LDMC)
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