تأثیر ورمی کمپوست در بهبود تحمل به شوری گیاهچه های لوبیا قرمز رقم درخشان (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

• عبدالله بیک خورمیزی
• پروانه ابریشم چی
• علی گنجعلی
• مهدی پارسا

گـروه زیسـت شناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

10.22067/jag.v2i3.7661

چکیده

در سال های اخیر تولید فزاینده زباله در نتیجه رشد جمعیت شهری و توسعه صنایع، به عنوان یک چالش جدی مطرح است. ورمی کمپوست به عنوان محصول فرآوری زباله های شهری با خصوصیات فیزیکوشیمیایی مناسب، می تواند نقش موثری در رشد و نمو و نیز کاهش اثرات منفی ناشی از تنش های مختلف محیطی بر گیاهان داشته باشد. برای این منظور مطالعه ای با هدف بررسی بر هم کنش نسبت های مختلف ورمی کمپوست و تنش شوری بر صفات ریخت زایی گیاهچه های لوبیا قرمز رقم درخشان (Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Light Red Kidney) انجام شد. این آزمایش به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک های کاملاً تصادفی، شامل پنج نسبت حجمی ورمی کمپوست و ماسه (100:0؛ 90:10؛ 75:25؛50:50 و 25:75) و چهار سطح شوری (30، 60، 90 و120 میلی مول بر لیتر کلرید سدیم) به ترتیب معادل 75/2، 5/5، 25/8 و 11 دسی زیمنس بر متر، به همراه شاهد(صفر)، در سه تکرار مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. بذرها در گلدان های پلاستیکی کاشته و نمونه برداری از گیاهچه ها 28 روز پس از کاشت انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که در محیط بدون تنش، ورمی کمپوست تأثیر معنی داری (p ≤ 0.05) بر طول ساقه، تعداد میانگره ها، سطح و وزن خشک برگ، وزن خشک، سطح، قطر و مجموع طول ریشه ها داشت، اما تأثیر آن بر وزن خشک ساقه معنی دار نبود. بر هم کنش ورمی کمپوست و شوری، تأثیر معنی داری بر طول ساقه، تعداد میانگره ها، سطح و وزن خشک برگ، سطح و وزن خشک ریشه ها داشت، اما تأثیر آن بر وزن خشک ساقه، قطر و مجموع طول ریشه ها معنی دارنبود. بنابراین در سطوح پائین شوری تمام نسبت های ورمی کمپوست و در سطوح شوری بالا، نسبت های بالای ورمی کمپوست می تواند تا حدودی اثرات نامطلوب شوری را بر گیاهچه های لوبیا محدود نماید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

• تنش محیطی
• خصوصیات فیزیکوشیمیایی
• صفات ریخت زایی
• گیاهچه

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عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of vermicompost on salt tolerance of bean seedlings (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

نویسندگان [English]

• Abdollah Beyk Khurmizi
• P. Abrishamchi
• A. Ganjeali
• M. Parsa

Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.

چکیده [English]

In the recent years, increasing production of waste as a result of population growth, increased food consumption, industrial development and urbanization growth, is regarded as a serious challenge. Vermicompost, as an end product of urban waste recycling with proper physicochemical features, can play an effective role in plant growth and development and also in reducing harmful effects of various environmental stresses on plants. For this purpose, a study with the aim of investigating the effects of vermicompost and salinity interactions on morphological traits of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Light Red Kidney) seedlings was performed. The experiment was conducted based on a randomized complete block design, including five different volumetric ratios of vermicompost and sand (0:100; 10:90; 25:75; 50:50 and 75:25), and four levels of salinity (30, 60, 90 and 120 mmol l-1 NaCl), equal to 2.75, 5.50, 8.25 and 11 deciSiemens per meter (dS/m) respectively, along with control (0.00), in three replications. Seeds were cultured in plastic pots and sampling of seedlings was done after 28 days. The results showed that in an environment without stress, vermicompost had significant effect (p ≤ 0.05) on the stem length, internodes number, area and dry weight of leaves, diameter, dry weight and total roots length, while having no significant effect on stem dry weight. The interaction between salinity and vermicompost has significant effect on the stem length, internodes number, the area and dry weight of leaves and dry weight of roots but no significant effect was observed on the stem dry weight, diameter and total roots length. Thus, in the low levels of salinity, all ratios of vermicompost and in high levels of salinity, high ratios of vermicompost can limit the negative effects of salinity on bean seedlings.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

• environmental stress
• morphological traits
• physicochemical features
• seedling

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