واکنش لوبیا سفید (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) به تلقیح با ریزوبیوم و کاربرد نواری کود زیستی فسفر گرانوله حاوی روی

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

• پریسا ناظری ¹
• علی کاشانی ¹
• کاظم خاوازی ²
• محمد رضا اردکانی ¹
• مجتبی میرآخوری ¹
• محمد مهدی پورسیاه بیدی ³

¹ گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، واحد کرج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرج، ایران

² مؤسسـه تحقیقـات خـاک و آب، سـازمان تحقیقـات، آمـوزش و تـرویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

³ مؤسسـه تحقیقـات ایلام، ایران

10.22067/jag.v2i1.7617

چکیده

به منظور بررسی تأثیر کود زیستی فسفر گرانوله به برخی صفات کمی، کیفی، عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد لوبیا سفید (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) در شهرستان مهران، در سال 87-1386 آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار اجرا گردید. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل فاکتور استفاده از کود شیمیایی فسفر (سوپرفسفات تریپل) در چهار سطح (استفاده از 25 درصد سوپرفسفات تریپل، استفاده از 50 درصد سوپرفسفات تریپل، استفاده از 75 درصد سوپرفسفات تریپل، استفاده از 100 درصد سوپرفسفات تریپل و (تیمار عدم استفاده از سوپرفسفات تریپل) و فاکتور کود زیستی فسفر گرانوله حاوی روی در دو سطح (عدم استفاده از کود زیستی فسفر و استفاده از کود زیستی فسفر) مورد استفاده قرار گرفتند. نتایج به دست آمده نشان داد که بین استفاده و عدم استفاده از کود زیستی فسفر از نظر عملکرد دانه در سطح آماری 5 درصد تفاوت معنی داری مشاهده شد و بیشترین عملکرد دانه در تیمار استفاده از کود زیستی فسفر با تولید 3/2275 کیلو گرم در هکتار نسبت به عدم استفاده از کود زیستی فسفر با تولید 1675 کیلو گرم در هکتاربود. همچنین در مقادیر مختلف کود سوپرفسفات تریپل نیز در سطح آماری 1 درصد اختلاف معنی داری مشاهده شد که نشان دهنده اثر مقادیر مختلف کود سوپرفسفات تریپل بر عملکرد دانه است که بیشترین عملکرد دانه در 75درصد مصرف کود سوپرفسفات تریپل با متوسط 2468 کیلو گرم در هکتار بدست آمد. در بررسی اثرات متقابل سطوح کود شیمیایی (سوپرفسفات تریپل) و کود زیستی فسفر از نظر بیشترین مقدار عملکرد دانه مربوط به تیمار استفاده از کود زیستی + استفاده از تیمار 75درصد کودهای شیمیایی فسفر با عملکرد دانه 3113 کیلوگرم در هکتار بود که در مقایسه با دیگر سطوح کودی معنی دار گردید. اثرات متقابل تیمار کود زیستی و سطوح کودی در مورد صفاتی همچون وزن صددانه، ارتفاع بوته، تعداد شاخه در بوته، تعداد غلاف در بوته، شاخص برداشت، تعداد دانه در بوته ،عملکرد دانه و درصد پروتئین معنی دار بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

• اجزای عملکرد
• عملکرد
• کود سوپر فسفات تریپل
• میکروارگانیسم های حل کننده فسفات

---

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of biofertilizer and phosphorus fertilizer banding with Zinc on white bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

نویسندگان [English]

• Parisa Nazeri ¹
• Ali Kashani ¹
• Kazem Khavazi ²
• Mohammad Reza Ardakani ¹
• Mojtaba Mirakhori ¹
• Mohammad Mahdi Pour Siah Bidi ³

¹ Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran

² Soil and Water Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran

³ Research Institute, Ilam, Iran

چکیده [English]

In order to evaluate the effect of using zinc granulated phosphorous biofertilizer on yield and yield components of white bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), a field experiment based on a randomized complete block design with three replications was performed. Experimental treatment were included of using phosphate and triple super phosphorous chemical fertilizer at five levels (without using of chemical fertilizer, use of %25 phosphorous chemical fertilizer, use of %50 phosphorous chemical fertilizer, use of %75 phosphorous chemical fertilizer, use of %100 phosphorous chemical fertilizer) and bio granulated phosphate fertilizer including zinc in 2 level (without using bio phosphorous fertilizer, without bio phosphorous fertilizer). Characterizations such as seed yield, the high of bush, the number of tributary branches, dry weight of bushes, whole dry weight, percentage of phosphorous and protein of seed, whole biomass and yield components were measured. Results shows that there is an significant deferent between use and not using of biological fertilizer from the view of yield components at %5 statistical level and the most yield component with producing of 2275.3k on 1000m2 was belong to use of biological fertilizer. There is a significant deference between the various amounts of phosphate chemical fertilizer at %1 statistical level. This shows the effect of various amounts of phosphate chemical fertilizer on yield components, that most yield components was obtained by using of %75 of chemical fertilizer with amount of 2468kg for 1000m2. in the survey of the reciprocal effects between fertilizer and bio fertilizer from the yield components view and depend on using of bio fertilizer and %50phosphate chemical fertilizer treatment, seed yield was 2683 kg in 1000m2, that comparing with other level of fertilizer and irrigation treatment become significant. Reciprocal effects of bio fertilizer treatment and the level of using fertilizer for some characterizations such as weight 1000 seed, high of bush, number of branches in the bush, number of pod in the bush, seed number harvested index at yield components and present age of pertain were significant.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

• Phosphate biofertilizer
• Triple super phosphate
• yield
• Yield component

مراجع

1. Alexander, D.B., and Zuberer, D.A.1993. Responses By iron-efficient and inefficient oat cultivars to inoculation with siderophore-producting bacteria in a calcareous soil. Biology and Fertility of Soils16: 118-124.

2. Allen, M.F., Smith, W.K., Moore, T.S., and Christensen, M. 1981. Comparative water relations and photosynthesis of mycorrhizal bouteloua gracilish. New Phytologist 88: 683-693

3. Ardakani, M.R 1999. Mycrorrhiza mushrooms and importance of their biology with plants. (In Persian)

4. Asghar Zade, N., and Saleh Rastin, N. 2001. Importance of Mycorrhiza mushrooms in agronomy. Necessity of biological fertilizer industrial product in Iran (Aggregate Articles). pp: 310-350. (In Persian with English Summary)

5. Bovetchko, S.M., and Tewaris, J.P. 1990. Root colonization of different hosts by the vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus dimorphicum, Plant and Soil 129: 131-136.

6. Clark, R.B., and Zeto, S.K. 2000. Mineral acquisition by arbuscular mycorrhizal plants. Journal of Plant Nutrition 23: 867-902.

7. Ebrahim Zade, H.1990. Plant Physiology (2). Tehran University Publication. 586 pp. (In Persian)

8. Ehteshami, S.M.R, Agha Alikhani, M., Chani Chi, M.R., and Khavazi, K. 2007. Effect of phosphate solver microorganisms on some quantitative and qualitative attribute of Zea mays in water stress conditions. Abstract Articles in Second National Ecology Agronomy Congress, Iran. (In Persian)

9. Eslamic Azad University, Arak, Iran 3,4: 229-240. (In Persian with English Summary)

10. Estrada-Luna, A.A., and Davies, F.T. 2003. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi influence water relations, gas exchange, Abscisic acid and growth of micropropagayed chile ancho pepper (Capsicum annum L.) plantlets during acclimatization and post-acclimatization. Journal of Plant Physiology 160(9): 1073-1084.

11. Ghazi, M., and Zak, J.B. 2004. Field response of wheat to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and drought stress. Mycorrhiza 14: 263–269.

12. Gholami, A. 2000. Effect of microriza mashrooms on growth and yield indexes of Zea mayes in Shahrod region. PhD Thesis. Tarbiat Modarres University of Tehran. P: 85-170. (In persian)

13. Hadi, H., Daneshian, J., Hamidi, A., and Asghar Zade, A. 2007. Assessing the effect of bradi and Azetobacter bacterias on properties seed soy bean in land and laboratory. Abstract articles in the Second National Ecology Agronomy Congress, Iran. (In Persian with English Summary)

14. Hamidi, A., Ghalavand, A., Dehghan Shoar, M., Malakoti, M.J, Asghar Zade, A., and Chogan, R. 2006. Effects of usage bacterial plant growth stimulate on sorghum yield. Pajohesh & Sazandegi Journal 70. (In Persian with English Summary)

15. Huiying, L. 2005. Role of Mycorrhizal Symbiosis in Growth and Phosphorus Nutrition of Wheat. The University of Adelaide. pp: 180.

16. Karimian, N. 1998. Results of overuse in chemical phosphorate fertilizer. Iranian Journal of Water & Soil 12(4). (In Persian with English Summary)

17. Khavazi K, Asadi Rahmani H, and Malakoti M.J. 2005. Necessity of Biologic Dunks Industrial Product in Country. Sana Publication. 420 pp. (In persian)

18. Majnoon Hoseini, N. 2004. Grain Culture in Iran. Jahad-University Publication (Tehran). (In Persian)

19. Malakoti, M. 1995. Constant agromony and enhance yield by optimum use of fertilizer in Iran. Instruction Emission Agronomy. ( In Persian with English Summary)

20. Meena, L.R., Singh, R.K. and Gautam, R.C. 2002. Effect of moisture conservation practices, phosphorus levels and bacterial inoculation on yield and economic returns of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) under dry land conditions. Annuals of Agricultural Research 23(2): 284-288.

21. Mikanova, O., and Novakova, J. 2002. Evaluation of the P-solubilizing activity of soil microorganisms and its sensitivity to soluble phosphate. Rostlinna Vyroba 9: 397-402.

22. Mosavi Janghali, S.A., Sani, B., Sharifi, M., and Hoseini Nejad, Z. 2006. Assessing the effect of phosphate solvent bacteria and mycorrhizae on Zea mayes quantitative traits (sc 704). Abstract articles 8th Congress of Agronomy Science Iran, Iran, Gillan University, page 184. (In persian)

23. Naghashi, G., Douds, D.D., and Abney, G. 1996. Phosphorus amendment inhibits hyphal branching of the VAM fungus Gigaspora margarita directly and indirectly through its effect on root exudation. Mycorrhiza 6: 401-410.

24. Norgholipor, F., Khavazi, K., and Khoshkam, T. 2003. Effect of usage phosphate soil with Thiobasilos bacteria and phosphate solvent microorganisms on zea mays quantity and quality yield. Abstract Articles of 3th National Biological Substrates Usage Development and Optimum use of Fertilizer and Toxic in Agronomy Congres, Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Karaj, Iran. P: 295-296. (In persian)

25. Okon, Y., and Kapulnik, Y. 1986. Development and functions of Azospirillium inoculated roots. Plant and Soil 86: 3-16.

26. Salehrastin, N. 1998. Biological fertilizer and their roles in reach to constant agronomy. Necessity of biological dungs industrial product in Iran (Aggregate Articles). The Center of Instruction Emission Agronomy, Karaj, Iran. P:1-54. (In persian)

27. Sarmadnia, Gh., and Koocheki, A. 1989. Physiology of Culture Plants, Jahad University of Mashhad,. Publication, Iran, pp. 467. (In persian)

28. Shiranirad A.H. 1998. Assessing ecophysiologic of mycrorriza mushroom and sicolar symbiosis with soybean and wheat. PhD thesis. Eslamic Azad University, Branch. Tehranיs Researches of science Page 590. (In Persian)

29. Sipson, M., Batiani, A., and Kianierad. 2001. Assessing of microbial phosphate fertilizer and possible change their situation with chemical phosphate fertilizer in cotton culture. Necessity of biological dungs industrial product in Iran (Aggregate Articles). The Center of Instruction Emission Agronomy, Karaj, Iran. P: 401-410. (In persian)

30. Tohidi Moghadam, H., Sni, B., Sharifi, M., and Ghoshchi, F. 2004. Effect of nitrogen stabilizer and phosphate solver bacteria on some of quantitative index of soybean in constant agronomy. Abstract Articles 8th Congress of Agronomy Science, Gillan University Iran, p: 147. (In Persian)

31. Troeh, Z.I., and Loynachan, T.E. 2003. Endomycorrhozal fungal survival in continuous corn, soybean, and fallow. Agronomy Journal 95: 224-230.

32. Wanish, A. 1990. Wechselwirkng von Azospirrillum species and VAM auf wachstum und Natrsoffaufnhme beizwei Getreidearten. Gottinger Beitrage zur land und Forstwirschaft in den Tropen und subtropen.