اثر باکتری‌های محرک رشد، کود نیتروژن و گوگرد بر خصوصیات کمی و کیفی گیاه کرچک (Ricinus communis L.) در منطقه سیستان

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران

چکیده

با توجه به اهمیت روغن گیاه صنعتی کرچک (Ricinus communis L.) در صنایع و با توجه به تأثیر تغذیه بهینه گیاهی و اثر مقادیر مختلف کود نیتروژن و گوگرد در حصول عملکرد مناسب، این پژوهش جهت شناسایی مناسب‌ترین اثر محرک‌های رشد برای گیاه کرچک اجرا گردید. به منظور بررسی اثر مقادیر مختلف کود نیتروژن، گوگرد و باکتری‌های محرک رشد بر خصوصیات عملکردی کرچک، آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی مجتمع بقیه‌الاعظم (چاه‌نیمه) وابسته به دانشگاه زابل واقع در شهرستان زهک در سال زراعی 91-1390 اجرا شد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل باکتری‌های محرک رشد در سه سطح (شاهد، نیتروکسین، سوپرنیتروپلاس به میزان دو لیتر در هکتار)، کود نیتروژن در سه سطح (صفر، 150 و200 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و کود گوگرد در دو سطح (صفر و 300 کیلوگرم در هکتار) بود. نتایج این بررسی نشان داد نیتروژن، گوگرد، باکتری و اثرات متقابل باکتری × نیتروژن و باکتری × گوگرد از نظر آماری دارای اختلاف معنی‌داری بود، ولی اثر متقابل گوگرد × نیتروژن اختلاف معنی‌داری نداشت. وزن دانه‌ها، وزن هزار‌ دانه، تعداد کپسول و دانه در بوته تحت تأثیر هیچ یک از این تیمارها قرار نگرفت. بیشترین تأثیر باکتری بر روی وزن خشک کپسول، ارتفاع گیاه، تعداد برگ، درصد روغن و مقدار پروتئین و گوگرد فقط بر روی تعداد گل‌آذین در گیاه و نیتروژن بر روی اکثر صفات مشاهده شد. نتایج این بررسی نشان داد که بیشترین تأثیر باکتری‌ها بر روی گیاهان اثرات متقابل باکتری × گوگرد که بالاترین و کمترین درصد روغن به ترتیب مربوط به تیمار نیتروکسین و سوپرنیتروپلاس با میانگین 89/51 و 85/47 همچنین اثرات متقابل باکتری × نیتروژن بالاترین و کمترین ارتفاع گیاه مربوط به تیمار نیتروکسین و شاهد به ترتیب با میانگین 29/82 و 33/53 را به خود اختصاص دادند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria, Nitroxin and sulfur on quantity and quality of caster bean (Ricinus Commines L.) in Sistan region

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sakineh Ghasemi
  • Seyeyd Mohsen Moussavi Nik
Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Zabol University, Zabol, Iran
چکیده [English]

The caster bean oil is high value in industry around of world. Plant nutrition and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are important for crop production. An experiment was set up to investigate the effect of nitrogen (N), sulfur (S) fertilizers and PGPR on seed yield production of Ricinus commines L. This experiment was carry out in factorial layout based on complete randomize block design with three replicates at Research Center of University of Zabol during growing season of 2011-2012. The treatments were PGPR with three types of bacteria (control, Nitroxin , and Super Nitroplas 2 L.ha-1), three levels of nitrogen (0, 150 and 200 kg.ha-1) and two levels of sulfur fertilizer (0 and 300 kg.ha-1). The results showed that grain weight, 1000-seed weight, number of capsule and number of seed per plant were not affected by studied treatments. The highest effect of PGPR was on dry weight of capsule, plant height, number of leaf per plant, oil percentage and amount of seed protein. Number of inflorescence just affected by sulfur treatments and most of studied plant characters affected by N fertilizers. The highest and the lowest oil percentage were related to Nitroxin and Super Nitroplas 51.89 and 47.85, respectively. Also the highest and the lowest plant height were related to Nitroxin and control treatments 82.29 and 53.33, respectively.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Inflorescence
  • Leaf area
  • Oil percentage
  • Protein
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