تخمین تمایل به پرداخت برچسب محیط زیستی چرخه‌ زندگی با استفاده از مدل اسپایک (مطالعه‌ موردی محصولات کشاورزی تازه‌ بسته‌بندی شده)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

2 گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران.

چکیده

در سال‌های اخیر، علاقه‌مندی جوامع به دانستن بیش‌تر در مورد عوامل حفاظت و تخریب محیط زیست افزایش یافته‌ است، برچسب‌های محیط زیستی برای پاسخ به این نیاز جامعه تعریف شده‌اند. برآورد ارزش اقتصادی برچسب­های محیط زیستی محصولات کشاورزی که اطلاعات محیط زیستی مربوط به محصولات و فرآیند تولید آن‌ها را به مصرف‌کنندگان ارائه می‌دهند، نشان می­دهد که مصرف­کنندگان چه سهمی از هزینه­های لازم برای جمع­آوری چنین اطلاعات و داده­هایی را خواهند پرداخت. در این پژوهش، به ارزش‌گذاری برچسب‌های محیط زیستی چرخه‌ زندگی موجود روی محصولات کشاورزی تازه‌ بسته‌بندی شده پرداخته شده است. لازم به ذکر است که برچسب محیط زیستی ارائه شده، با استفاده از اطلاعات جمع‌آوری شده از یک پرسش‌نامه‌‌ باز طراحی شده‌‌ است. جهت جمع‌آوری اطلاعات تمایل‌به‌پرداخت، از روش ارزش‌گذاری مشروط و پرسش‌نامه‌‌های دوگانه‌ یک‌بعدی استفاده شده و مبالغ پیشنهادی مورد استفاده در پرسش‌نامه‌ با استفاده از روش بویل‌وبیشاپ به‌دست آمد. برای تخمین تمایل به پرداخت و بررسی عوامل مؤثر بر آن نیز مدل اسپایک که پاسخ‌های صفر در پرسش‌نامه‌‌ ارزش‌گذاری مشروط را نیز در برآورد نهایی وارد می‌کند، به‌کار برده شده‌ است. نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که متغیرهای وضعیت تأهل، درآمد ماهیانه‌ خانواده، بازار محل خرید، اهمیت شکل ظاهری محصول، نگرش فرد به آسیب‌های محیط زیستی کشاورزی سنتی، شناخت برچسب‌های محیط زیستی از قبل و مقدار پیشنهادی، تأثیر معنادار و مثبت و متغیرهای سن و اهمیت شکل بسته‌بندی محصول تأثیر معنادار و منفی بر میزان تمایل به پرداخت داشته و جمعیت مورد مطالعه حاضرند برای محصولات کشاورزی تازه‌ بسته‌بندی‌شده‌ دارای برچسب محیط زیستی نسبت به قیمت نمونه‌ بدون برچسب حدود 71 درصد بیش‌تر پرداخت کنند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Estimation of Willingness to Pay for Life Cycle Eco-label Using Spike Model (A Case Study of Fresh Packaged Agricultural Products)

نویسندگان [English]

  • samaneh heydari 1
  • Leili Abolhassani 1
  • Morteza Molaei 2
  • Ali Firoz-zare 1
1 Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
2 Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
چکیده [English]

Introduction[1]
In recent years, attention has been attracted to the environmental pollution resulting from the production of products, and as a result, the interest of the communities to know more about the environmental protection and destruction factors has increased. Eco-labels are defined to respond to this need of society. Estimating the economic value of eco-labels of agricultural products that provide environmental information about products and their production process to consumers, shows what share of the costs necessary to collect such information and data will be paid by consumers and in this way, the value of labels can be determined for consumers. In Iran, especially in Mashhad, where a significant part of fresh agricultural products is irrigated with urban and industrial wastewater and the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides in the production of agricultural products is common, the implementation of the labeling scheme for fresh agricultural products due to its impact on the health of consumers and the environment is very important. A large number of consumers of the above products want to have information about the level of contamination of these products and use healthier products, and therefore they are willing to pay for providing this information.
 
Materials and Methods
In this research, the evaluation of eco-labels on freshly packaged agricultural products by measuring people's willingness to pay for these products in 11 regions of Mashhad is discussed. In the present study, the contingent valuation method and single bound dichotomous questionnaires were used, and the bid amounts used in the questionnaire were designed using the Boyle and Bishop method. The spike model has been used to measure the willingness to pay and check the factors affecting it.
Results and Discussion
The results from the questionnaires indicate that out of 150 participants, 27 stated they would not be willing to pay for eco-labels on freshly packaged agricultural products. Consequently, the bids, designed using Boyle and Bishop's method, were applied to the remaining 123 participants. The suggested bid amounts were 10%, 20%, 30%, 50%, and 80%. The results from the spike model show that the variables of marital status, monthly family income, the market where the product was purchased, the importance of the product's appearance, the individual's attitude towards the environmental impact of traditional agriculture, prior knowledge of eco-labels, and the bid amount all have a significant and positive effect. The variables of age and the importance of the shape product packaging have significant and negative effect on willingness to pay. The studied population is willing to pay about 71% more for freshly packaged agricultural products with an eco-label than the sample price without a label. The significant percentage of willingness to pay calculated in this research is due to the fact that the percentage results depend on the price of goods and for goods and services that have a lower price (such as fresh agricultural products considered in this research), the percentage of willingness to pay will be higher. It should also be noted that the statistical population of the present study is the 11th district of Mashhad, whose residents have a relatively high-income level (the opinion of municipal experts). The estimated willingness to pay also indicates the importance of eco-labels for freshly packaged agricultural products.
Conclusion
The studied population is willing to pay about 71% more for freshly packaged agricultural products with an eco-label than the sample price without a label. The significant percentage of willingness to pay for eco-labels indicates the importance of these labels for freshly packaged agricultural products from the consumers' point of view.
 
 



 
 



 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Bid design
  • Boyle and Bishop method
  • Contingent valuation
  • Dichotomous response method Eco-label design

©2023 The author(s). This is an open access article distributed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source.

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 24 دی 1402
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 05 فروردین 1403
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 09 خرداد 1403
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 19 دی 1403

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