اثر تنش خشکی، اندازه و پوشش بنه بر خصوصیات مورفواکوفیزیولوژیکی زعفران (Crocus sativus L.) در شرایط گلخانه

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

• مژگان ثابت تیموری
• محمد کافی
• زینب اورسجی
• کبری اروجی

گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

10.22067/jag.v2i2.7639

چکیده

به منظور مطالعه اثرات تنش خشکی، پوشش بنه و وزن بنه بر خصوصیات مورفوفیزیولوژیکی زعفران (Crocus sativus L.) ، آزمایشی در گلخانه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد در سال 1387 صورت گرفت. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل چهار اندازه بنه (2-4 ، 4-6 ، 6-8 و 8-10گرم)، دو سطح خشکی (100 درصد ظرفیت زراعی و خشکی کامل) و دو سطح پوشش بنه (بنه حاوی پوشش و بنه فاقد پوشش) بودند که به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار اجرا شد. صفات مورد بررسی شامل طول، تعداد، وزن تر و خشک ریشه و برگ، ضخامت و پهنای برگ، میزان کلروفیل برگ (اندازه گیری به روش شیمیایی)، میزان نسبی آب برگ و نشت الکترولیت بود. نتایج نشان داد که وزن تر و خشک، تعداد و طول ریشه و برگ در شرایط تنش خشکی بسیار کمتر از شرایط 100 ظرفیت زراعی بود. کلروفیلa و کلروفیلb در تنش خشکی کاهش بسیار معنی داری نشان دادند و نسبت کلروفیل(a) به کلروفیل(b ) معادل50درصد بود. تأثیر اندازه و پوشش بنه و بر همکنش تیمارها روی کلیه شاخص های مورد بررسی معنی دار بود. پوشش بنه در اندازه 8-10 گرم باعث افزایش نسبت کلروفیل(a) به کلروفیل(b) و تعداد برگ زعفران شد. درتنش خشکی میزان نسبی آب برگ، برای هردو تیمار پوشش بنه کاهش یافت. نتایج نشان داد که هرچه اندازه بنه بیشتر باشد تضمینی برای رشد بیشتر و بقاء گیاه زعفران درتنش خشکی خواهدبود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

• کلروفیل (a)
• کلروفیل b))
• میزان نسبی آب برگ
• نشت الکترولیت
• وزن ریشه

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عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of drought stress, corm size and corm tunic on morphoecophysiological characteristics of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) in greenhouse conditions

نویسندگان [English]

• Mozhgan Sabet Teimouri
• Mohammad Kafi
• Zeynab Avarseji
• Kobra Orooji

Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

چکیده [English]

In order to investigate the effects of corm tunic, corm weight and drought stress on saffron (Crocus sativus L.), an experiment was conducted at the greenhouse of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran. Treatment were combination of four corm weights range (2-4, 4-6, 6-8 and 8-10 g), two levels of water availability (100% field capacity and drought) and two levels of corm tunic (natural corm with tunic and without tunic) as factorial arrangement based on completely randomized block design with three replications. The corms were divided to four groups based on their weights and removed tunics of corm in tunic free treatment. Results indicated that the highest biomass produced in irrigation, corms with tunic with maximum weight. Both chlorophyll a and b contents decreased significantly under drought stress and chlorophyll b content was 50% of chlorophyll a content. Effect of corm size and corm tunic and interaction of these treatments imposed a significant effect on the leaf number per plant, leaf weight and chlorophyll content. Effect of corm tunic in 8-10 g corm size increased ch (a)/ch (b) ratio and leaf number. The relative water content was decreased in drought treatment in both tunic and tunicless treatments and the best corm weight in all treatment was 6-8g and could be useful to tolerate drought stress.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

• Chlorophyll a
• chlorophyll b
• Electrolyte leakage
• Relative water content
• Root weight

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