اثرات تغذیه نیتروژنی متفاوت گندم (Tritium aestivum L.) رقم سایونز بر شاخص‌های جوانه‌زنی و رشد گیاهچه تحت‌تأثیر سطوح تنش خشکی و کود‌های بیولوژیک

یزدانی بیوکی, رستم; رضوانی مقدم, پرویز; کوچکی, علیرضا; امیری, محمد بهزاد; فلاحی, جبار; دیهیم فرد, رضا

doi:10.22067/jag.v2i2.7632

اثرات تغذیه نیتروژنی متفاوت گندم (Tritium aestivum L.) رقم سایونز بر شاخص‌های جوانه‌زنی و رشد گیاهچه تحت‌تأثیر سطوح تنش خشکی و کود‌های بیولوژیک

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

10.22067/jag.v2i2.7632

چکیده

به منظور مطالعة تأثیر سطوح مختلف تنش خشکی و باکتری های محرک رشد بر شاخص های جوانه زنی بذور گندم (Tritium aestivum L.) حاصله از پایه های مادری تیمار شده با سطوح مختلف نیتروژن، آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه کاملاً تصادفی انجام شد. تیمار‌های آزمایش شامل بذرهای جمع‌آوری شده از مزرعه‌ای که در سال قبل مقادیر 0، 120، 240 و 360 کیلوگرم کود اوره دریافت کرده بودند، انواع کود بیولوژیک (نیتراژین، بیوفسفر، عدم تلقیح) و سطوح مختلف تنش خشکی (0، 4-، 8- و 12- بار) بودند. نتایج نشان داد که اثرات ساده انواع کودهای بیولوژیک و سطوح تنش خشکی بر تمامی خصوصیات جوانه زنی، به استثنای میانگین زمان جوانه زنی، نسبت طول ریشه چه به ساقه چه و نسبت وزن خشک ریشه چه به ساقه چه، معنی دار بودند، در حالیکه بذر‌های تیمار شده با سطوح مختلف کود نیتروژن تنها بر درصد جوانه زنی، سرعت جوانه زنی و شاخص جوانه زنی دارای اثر معنی دار بود. نتایج اثرات متقابل حاکی از آن بود که بذور حاصل از مصرف 240 کیلوگرم کود اوره در هکتار در پتانسیل خشکی 0 و 4- بار بیشترین جوانه زنی را داشتند. کود بیولوژیک نیتراژین مقاومت به تنش خشکی را در مقایسه با شاهد افزایش داد، به طوری که در سطح تنش 4- بار کاهش جوانه زنی برای بذور تیمار شده با کود بیوفسفر و عدم تلقیح کود، نسبت به گیاهان تحت تیمار با کود نیتراژین به ترتیب برابر با 40 و 79 درصد بود. اثرات سه گانه کود نیتروژن، کود بیولوژیک و سطوح تنش خشکی بر صفات اندازه گیری شده معنی دار نبود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of seed nourished by different levels of nitrogen, biofertilizers and drought stress on germination indices and seedling growth of wheat (Tritium aestivum) cv. Sayonz

نویسندگان [English]

Rostam Yazdani Biouki
Parviz Rezvani Moghaddam
Alireza Koocheki
Mohammad Behzad Amiri
Jabbar Fallahi
Reza Deyhim Fard

Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran

چکیده [English]

In order to study the effects of different levels of drought stress and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria on the germination indices of seeds harvested from wheat (Tritium aestivum L.) cv. Sayonz in the field treated with different levels of nitrogen, in controlled conditions, a factorial layout based on completely randomized design with three replications, was conducted. Treatments included the seeds that collected from field that received amount of 0, 120, 240 and 360 Kg.ha-1 nitrogen fertilizer, types of biofertilizer (nitragin, biophosphouros and control) and different levels of drought stress (0, -4, -8 and -12 bar). The results showed that simple effects of levels of biofertilizers and levels of drought stress were significant on the all germination characteristics of wheat, except for mean germination time, radicle length to plumule ratio and dry weights of radicle to plumule ratio, while levels of nitrogen fertilizer only was significant on germination, germination rate and germination index. The interaction effects had showed that the seeds harvested from nitrogen fertilizer at 240 Kg/ha and drought stress 0 and -4 bar had the highest germination. Nitragin bifertilizer increased drought stress resistance compared with control, so that the stress level -4 bar reducing germination for seeds treated with biosphouros and non-inoculated, than plants treated with nitragin, were 40 and 79%, respectively. Effects of three nitrogen fertilizer, biofertilizer and levels of drought stress were not significant on the characteristics measured.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Biophosphouros
Germination
Nitragin

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