بررسی الگوهای مختلف کشت مخلوط زیره سبز (Cuminum cyminum L.) و عدس (Lens culinaris L.) در کشت دوم

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 مرکز آموزش عالی شهید باکری میاندوآب، دانشگاه ارومیه، ایران

2 گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ایران

3 گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ایران

4 دانشگاه پیام نور، مرکز نقده، ایران

چکیده

به منظور بررسی مقایسه الگوهای مختلف کشت مخلوط زیره سبز (Cuminum cyminum L.) و عدس (Lens culinaris L.) در کشت دوم، آزمایشی در مزرعه ای واقع در استان آذربایجان غربی- شهرستان نقده در سال زراعی 91-1390 در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار و هشت تیمار به اجرا در آمد. تیمار های آزمایش شامل کشت مخلوط روی ردیف های کاشت (50% زیره سبز + 50% عدس)، کشت مخلوط ردیفی (یک ردیف عدس + یک ردیف زیره سبز)،کشت های مخلوط نواری (دو ردیف عدس + یک ردیف زیره سبز، سه ردیف عدس + یک ردیف زیره سبز، چهار ردیف عدس + دو ردیف زیره سبز، شش ردیف عدس + دو ردیف زیره سبز) و کشت خالص دو گیاه بود. اثر الگوی کشت بر صفات مورد بررسی هر دو گونه اثر معنی دار (01/0p≤) داشت. نتایج در مورد گیاه عدس نشان داد که بیشترین عملکرد دانه و عملکرد بیولوژیکی عدس از تیمار کشت خالص به ترتیب برابر با 600 و 1600 کیلوگرم در هکتار و کمترین مقدار آن از الگوی کشت مخلوط نواری شش ردیف عدس با دو ردیف زیره سبز به ترتیب برابر با 273 و 676 کیلو گرم در هکتار حاصل شد. نتایج در مورد گیاه زیره سبز نشان داد که بین کشت خالص با کشت مخلوط روی ردیف های کاشت و کشت ردیفی از نظر عملکرد دانه و عملکرد بیولوژیکی اختلاف معنی داری وجود نداشت. با افزایش عرض نوارها در تیمار های کشت مخلوط از عملکرد دانه و عملکرد بیولوژیکی زیره سبز به طور میانگین 50 و 54 درصد کاسته شد. درصد اسانس در تمامی تیمار های کشت مخلوط بالاتر از تیمار کشت خالص بود. بیشترین عملکرد اسانس از کشت مخلوط روی ردیف های کاشت (20 کیلو گرم در هکتار) به دست آمد. ارزیابی نسبت برابری زمین LER)) نشان داد که بیشترین نسبت برابری زمین (8/1) از کشت مخلوط یک ردیفی و کمترین مقدار آن (94/0) از کشت مخلوط نواری شش ردیف عدس + دو ردیف زیره سبز حاصل شد. با تغییر الگوی کشت از مخلوط ردیفی به سمت مخلوط نواری، LER احتمالاً به دلیل کاهش اثرات تسهیل و تکمیل کنندگی دو گونه کاهش پیدا کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of different intercropping patterns of cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) and lentil (Lens culinaris L.) in double crop

نویسندگان [English]

  • Esmaeil Rezaei-Chiyaneh 1
  • Mehdi Tajbakhsh 2
  • Orooj Valizadegan 3
  • Farzad Banaei- Asl 4
1 Higher Education Center of Shahid Bakeri Miandoab, Urmia University, Iran
2 Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Iran
3 Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Iran
4 Payame Noor University, NaqadehCenter, Iran
چکیده [English]

In order to evaluate the comparison of different intercropping patterns of cumin (Cuminum cyminum L. ) with lentil (Lens culinaris L.) in double crop, a field experiment was conducted based on a randomized complete block design with three replications and eight treatment at the farm located in West Azerbaijan province - city Nagadeh, Iran during growing reason of 2011-2012. Treatments included intra- row intercropping (50% cumin + 50% lentil), row intercropping (one row of lentil + one row of cumin) and strip intercropping (two rows of lentil + one rows of cumin, three rows of lentil + one rows of cumin, four rows of lentil + four two of cumin, six rows of lentil + two rows of cumin and pure lentil and cumin. Intercropping patterns had significant effect on all of mentioned traits. Results showed that the highest and the lowest economic yield of lentil were achieved in monoculture with 600 and 1600 kg.ha-1and six rows of lentil + two rows of cumin with 273 and 676 kg.ha-1, respectively. Grain yield and biological yield were no significant differences at monoculture with row intercropping and intra- row intercropping. But with increasing strip widths of grain yield and biological yield decreased by 50 and 54 %, respectively. The essential oil percentage of all treatments was higher than monoculture. The highest essential oil yield was obtained of intra- row intercropping (20 kg.ha-1). Results indicated that maximum (1.8) and minimum (0.94) LER values were obtained of row intercropping and strip intercropping (six rows of lentil + two rows of cumin), respectively. By changing row intercropping patterns to strip intercropping, LER was decreased due to complementary and facilitative effects in intercropping.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Essential oil
  • Land equivalent ratio
  • Replacement intercropping
  • Row intercropping
  • Strip intercropping

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 12 اسفند 1392
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 12 اسفند 1392
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 12 اسفند 1392

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