بررسی خصوصیات اکوفیزیولوژیکی کشت مخلوط ارزن دانه ای (Panicum miliaceum L.) و لوبیا چشم بلبلی (Vigna unguiculata L.)

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

• احمد قنبری
• محمد نصیرپور
• ابوالفضل توسلی

گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران

10.22067/jag.v2i4.8784

چکیده

به منظور بررسی کشت مخلوط ارزن دانه ای (Panicum miliaceum L.) و لوبیا چشم بلبلی (Vigna unguiculata L.) آزمایشی به صورت طرح بلوک های کامل تصادفی با شش تیمار و سه تکرار در سال زراعی 88-1387 در پژوهشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه زابل انجام گرفت. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل کشت خالص ارزن، کشت خالص لوبیا، 25 % ارزن + 100% لوبیا چشم بلبلی، 50% ارزن + 100% لوبیا چشم بلبلی، 75% ارزن + 100% لوبیا چشم بلبلی و 100% ارزن + 100% لوبیا چشم بلبلی بودند. نتایج حاصل از تجزیه واریانس آماری داده ها نشان داد که تیمارهای نسبت مختلف کاشت اثر معنی داری (1% > P) بر عملکرد دانه دو گونه، نسبت برابری زمین (LER)، وزن خشک علف هرز، جذب تشعشع فعال فتوسنتزی (PAR)، دمای خاک و (5% > P) محتوی رطوبت حجمی داشت. بالاترین عملکرد دانه دو گیاه ارزن و لوبیا از کشت خالص آنها بدست آمد. میزانLER در اغلب تیمارهای مخلوط بزرگتر از یک بود که این امر نشان دهنده برتری کشت مخلوط در مقایسه با کشت خالص می باشد. در خصوص کنترل و مدیریت علف های هرز الگوهای مختلف کشت مخلوط نسبت به تک کشتی محصولات برتری نشان دادند، به طوری که کمترین وزن خشک علف های هرز از تیمار 100% ارزن + 100% لوبیا چشم بلبلی بدست آمد. در هر چهار مرحله اندازه گیری PAR، بالاترین میزان PAR از نسبت های مختلف کشت مخلوط خصوصاً تیمار 100% ارزن + 100% لوبیا چشم بلبلی حاصل شد. کمترین میزان دما و کمترین محتوی رطوبت خاک در هر دو مرحله اندازه گیری از همین تیمار بدست آمد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

• عملکرد
• کشت مخلوط
• کنترل علف هرز
• نسبت برابری زمین

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عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of ecophysiological characteristics of intercropping of millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.)

نویسندگان [English]

• Ahmad Ghanbari
• Mohammad Nasirpour
• Abolfazl Tavassoli

Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Zabol University, Zabol, Iran

چکیده [English]

In order to evaluate millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) intercropping, an experiment was conducted during 2008-2009 at Agriculture Research Center of Zabol University, Iran. The experiment was as randomized complete block design with three replications. Treatment s consisted of sole crop of millet, sole crop of cowpea, 25% millet + 100% cowpea, 50% millet + 50% cowpea, 75% millet + 100% cowpea and 100% millet + 100% cowpea. The results showed that intercropping treatments had significant effect (P < 1%) on millet and bean seed yield, LER, dry matter of weeds, PAR, temperature and (P < 5%) on soil moisture content. The highest seed yield of millet and cowpea obtained from treatments of sole crops. The LER for most intercrops was greater than one which indicated that intercropping had advantage over sole crop. For weeds management and control the results indicated that weed suppressing effects in intercropping treatments is better than sole crops treatment, so that the lowest dry matter of weeds obtained from 100% millet + 100% cowpea treatment. PAR in all of stages showed that the highest PAR interception obtained from intercropping treatments specially 100% millet + 100% cowpea treatment. In addition to the lowest of soil moisture content and temperature obtained from this treatment.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

• Intercropping
• LER
• Weed control
• yield

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