پیامدهای حاصل از مدیریت متفاوت پسماند گیاه جو (Hordeum vulgare L.) بر شاخص های کربن زیست توده میکروبی، کربن آلی و نیتروژن کل در خاک

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

• مریم السادات حسینی
• غلامحسین حق نیا
• امیر لکزیان
• حجت امامی

گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، ایران

10.22067/jag.v2i3.7651

چکیده

ریزجانداران خاک از عوامل مهم چرخه عناصر غذایی و جریان انرژی در خاک اند که تا اندازه زیادی نسبت به تغییر های محیط حساس می باشند. بنابراین از زیست توده میکروبی خاک می توان به عنوان شاخصی برای بررسی اثرات تنش ها بر خاک و ریزجانداران استفاده کرد. هدف از این مطالعه ارزیابی تأثیر مدیریت مقدار پسماند گیاه جو (Hordeum vulgare L.)، سوزاندن آن، کود نیتروژن و خاک ورزی بر کربن زیست توده میکروبی و وضعیت کربن آلی و نیتروژن کل در یک دوره 90 روزه بوده است. آزمایش به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی انجام گردید. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل دو سطح کاه و کلش جو (3 و 6 تن در هکتار)، دو سطح سوزاندن (نسوزاندن و سوزاندن)، دو سطح کود اوره (صفر و 125 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و دو سطح خاک ورزی (بدون خاک ورزی و با خاک ورزی) بودند. نتایج آزمایش نشان داد افزودن مقدار 6 تن در هکتار پسماند جو مقادیر کربن آلی، نیتروژن کل و کربن زیست توده میکروبی را نسبت به تیمار 3 تن در هکتار به طور معنی داری افزایش داد. در حالی که سوزاندن کاه و کلش به کاهش معنی دار همه پارامترها منجر گردید. انجام خاک ورزی نیز موجب کاهش معنی دار کربن آلی و کربن زیست توده میکروبی شد اما بر نیتروژن کل خاک بی تأثیر بود. کود نیتروژن بر کربن زیست توده میکروبی هیچ تأثیری نداشت، در حالی که کاربرد اوره بر کربن آلی و نیتروژن کل خاک تأثیر مثبت و افزایشی داشت. این مطالعه نشان داد که شیوه بدون خاک ورزی و همراه با حفظ پسماند گیاهی در سطح 6 تن در هکتار و روش بدون سوزاندن مؤثرترین نوع مدیریت در حفظ و افزایش مقادیر کربن آلی خاک، کربن زیست توده میکروبی و نیتروژن کل بودند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

• سوزاندن
• خاک ورزی
• کود اوره
• ریزجانداران خاک

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عنوان مقاله [English]

Consequences of different management of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) residue on microbial biomass carbon, organic carbon and total nitrogen indices in soil

نویسندگان [English]

• Maryam Alsadat Hoseini
• Gholamhossein Haghnia
• Amir Lakzian
• Hojat Emami

Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran

چکیده [English]

.Soil microorganisms are important agents in nutrient cycling and energy flow. They are extremely sensitive to environmental changes. Soil microbial biomass has been proposed as an index of soil stress and disturbance. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) residue amounts, burning, nitrogen fertilizer levels and tillage management on organic carbon, total nitrogen and microbial biomass carbon, after 90 days. The experiment was carried out based on a completely randomized design with a factorial arrangement with two replications. The treatments included two levels of barley residues (3 and 6 t.ha-1), burning (without and with stubble burning), urea fertilizer (0 and 125 Kg.ha-1) and tillage systems (no-till, conventional tillage). Results showed that 6 t.ha-1 barely residue treatment increased organic carbon, total nitrogen and microbial biomass carbon in comparison with 3 t.ha-1, while stubble burning significantly decreased all these parameters. Tillage treatment also significantly decreased organic carbon and microbial biomass carbon whereas had no effect on total nitrogen. The nitrogen fertilizer had no effect on microbial biomass carbon, whereas organic carbon and total nitrogen positively affected by urea application. The results of this experiment showed that no-tillage system along with crop residue retention of 6 t.ha-1 and without stubble burning systems would be the most effective management to protect and promote soil organic carbon, total nitrogen and microbial biomass carbon.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

• : Burning
• Soil microorganism
• Tillage
• Urea fertilizer

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