تاثیر تاریخ کاشت و تراکم بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد گیاه دارویی کدو پوست-کاغذی

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

• فاطمه چوپان
• محمد بنایان اول
• قربانعلی اسدی
• جواد شباهنگ

گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

10.22067/jag.v6i2.22665

چکیده

به منظور بررسی تاثیر تاریخ کاشت و تراکم بر برخی صفات کمی گیاه دارویی کدو تخم پوست کاغذی، آزمایشی درسال زراعی 1391 در مزرعه ی تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، بصورت کرتهای خرد شده و در قالب طرح بلوک های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار اجرا شد. فاکتورهای مورد مطالعه شامل سه سطح تاریخ کاشت (12 اردیبهشت، 22 اردیبهشت و 1 خرداد) به عنوان فاکتور اصلی و دو سطح تراکم (5/2 و4 بوته در متر مربع) به عنوان فاکتور فرعی در نظر گرفته شدند. در انتهای فصل رشد میزان عملکرد میوه، عملکرد دانه، تعداد میوه در هکتار، تعداد دانه در متر مربع زمین، تعداد دانه در میوه، وزن دانه در میوه، وزن هزار دانه و شاخص برداشت اندازه گیری شد. نتایج حاصل بهینه بودن تاریخ کاشت دوم (22 اردیبهشت) را در بین تیمارهای تاریخ کاشت، در تمامی صفات کمی مورد بررسی نشان داد. همچنین تراکم 5/2 بوته در متر مربع، نسبت به تراکم 4 بوته در متر مربع، میانگین عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد بالاتری را نشان داد. اثرات متقابل تاریخ کاشت و تراکم، بر عملکرد میوه و دانه معنی دار نشد اما در بین سایر اجزای عملکرد، تعداد دانه در مترمربع زمین، تعداد دانه در میوه و وزن دانه در میوه افزایش معنی داری را در سطح احتمال 5 درصد داشتند. به طور کلی نتایج این آزمایش نشان داد که تعیین تاریخ کاشت و تراکم مناسب می تواند نقش مهمی را درافزایش عملکرد میوه و دانه در گیاه کدو تخم پوست کاغذی، با توجه به اثرات متعدد و مفید این گیاه، در صنایع غذایی ،آرایشی-بهداشتی، صنعتی ودارویی، داشته باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

• گیاه دارویی
• فاصله ی کاشت
• طول دوره ی رشد
• عوامل محیطی

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عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of planting date and density on yield and yield components of Medicinal plant pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.)

نویسندگان [English]

• Fatemeh Choopan
• Mohammad Bannayan Aval
• Ghorbanali Asadi
• Javad Shabahng

Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad,Iran

چکیده [English]

To study the effects of planting date and planting density on quantitative traits of medicinal plant, Schneider squash (Cucurbita pepo L.), an experiment was conducted at research field of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, in year 2012. A split plot arrangement based on Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications was used. Treatments consisted of three planting date levels (1 May, 11 May and 21 May) and two density levels (2.5 and 4 Plants per m-2) which were allocated to main plots and sub plots, respectively. At the end of the growing season, the seed yield, fruit yield, number of fruits (per ha-1), number of seed (per m-2), number of seed per fruit, seed weight per fruit, 1000- seed weight and harvest index were measured. Results showed that the second planting date (11 May) results in highest amount of the quantitative study traits. The density of 2.5 plants per m-2, compared to the density of 4 plants per m-2, could result in highest yield and yield components. The interactions of planting date and density were not significant in terms of fruit and seed yield but among the other yield components, significantly affect the number of seed (per m-2), the number of seed per fruit and the seed weight per fruit at the probability level of 5%. Overall this study showed that the optimum planting date and suitable density can play an important role in increasing fruit and seed yield of the pumpkin plant, considering the usefulness of this plant in the food, cosmetics, and medicinal industry.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

• Medicinal plant
• Planting distance
• Growing period length
• Environmental factors

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