ارزیابی تأثیر تراکم بوته و الگو های کشت بر خصوصیات کمی و کیفی گیاه دارویی بالنگو (Lallemantia royleana Benth.)

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

• علیرضا کوچکی ¹
• سارا بخشائی ¹
• علی تبرائی ¹
• لیلا جعفری ²

¹ گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

² گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه هرمزگان، هرمزگان، ایران

10.22067/jag.v6i2.39365

چکیده

به منظور بررسی تأثیر الگو و تراکم کشت بر خصوصیات کمی و کیفی گیاه دارویی بالنگو (Lallemantia royleana Benth.) آزمایشی در سال زراعی 91-1390 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب بلوک های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار به اجرا درآمد. فاکتورهای آزمایش عبارت بودند از تراکم های مختلف کاشت در سه سطح 60، 70، 80 بوته در متر مربع و روش های کشت در سه سطح جوی و پشته ای، کرتی خطی و کرتی درهم. صفات اندازه گیری شده شامل صفات کمی از جمله ارتفاع، تعداد شاخه جانبی، وزن هزار دانه، عملکرد بیولوژیک، عملکرد دانه و شاخص برداشت و صفات کیفی شامل میزان موسیلاژ بذر، فاکتور تورم و عملکرد موسیلاژ بود. نتایج نشان داد که تراکم های مختلف کشت بر صفات کمی این گیاه به جز وزن هزار دانه تأثیر معنی داری داشت (05/0p≤). تاثیر تراکم بوته بر صفات کیفی به جز عملکرد موسیلاژ معنی دار نبود. الگوهای مختلف کشت نیز به جز ارتفاع بوته گیاه بالنگو بر سایر صفات تاثیر معنی داری نداشت. با این حال بیشترین میزان صفات کمی و کیفی به روش جوی و پشته ای اختصاص داشت. بررسی اثرات متقابل تراکم و الگوی کاشت، نشان داد که بیشترین عملکرد بذر و موسیلاژ در تراکم 80 بوته در متر مربع همراه با الگوی کشت جوی و پشته ای به دست آمد. عدم تأثیر معنی دار الگوی کاشت و تراکم بر وزن دانه نشان می دهد که بالنگو می تواند شرایط محیطی را به خوبی تحمل نماید که این یکی از ویژگی های مهم برای انتخاب و توسعه کاشت گیاهان می باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

• عملکرد
• فاکتور تورم
• موسیلاژ

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عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of plant density and planting pattern on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of Balangu (Lallenamntia royleana Benth.)

نویسندگان [English]

• AliReza Koocheki ¹
• Sara Bakhshaie ¹
• Ali Tabarraei ¹
• Leyla Jafari ²

¹ Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran

² Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Hormozgan University, Hormozgan, Iran

چکیده [English]

In order to evaluate the effects of plant density and planting pattern on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of Balangu (Lallemantia royleana Benth.) as a medicinal plant, an experiment was conducted at Research station of Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran, during growing season of 2011-2012. A factorial layout based on a randomized complete block design with nine treatments and three replications was used. The treatments comprised three levels of planting density (60, 70 and 80 plants.m-2) and three levels of planting pattern (row planting, mixed row planting and flat planting). Studied criteria of Balangu were quantitative characteristics (such as number of lateral stems, plant height, 1000-seed weight, biological and seed yield and harvest index) and qualitative characteristics (including mucilage content and yield; and swelling factor). Results showed that all quantitative characteristics of Balangu except 1000-seed weight were significantly increased by plant density. Qualitative characteristics were not significantly affected by plant density except mucilage yield but the maximum quantitative and qualitative characteristics were obtained by row planting. Interactions between plant density and planting pattern showed that the maximum of seed and mucilage yield were obtained by row planting and plant density of 80 plants.m-2. Non significantly affected by planting pattern and plant density showed that Balangu can tolerates the environmental effects and this is the important property for plants selection and development.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

• Mucilage
• Swelling factor
• yield

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