بررسی تأثیر منابع مختلف کودی بر شاخص های رشد و عملکرد گیاه دارویی سرخارگل (Echinacea purpurea L.)

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه آزاد کرج

2 گروه علوم خاک، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران.

3 گروه باغبانی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری

چکیده

به منظور بررسی واکنش گیاه دارویی سرخارگل (Echinacea purpurea L.) به کاربرد کود شیمیایی و مصرف توأم آن با کمپوست زباله شهری (کمپوست)، آزمایشی در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی به صورت گلدانی با شش تیمار شامل: شاهد (بدون مصرف کودهای شیمیایی و کمپوست)، کود شیمیایی (150 کیلوگرم نیتروژن، 120 کیلوگرم انیدرید فسفریک و 250 کیلوگرم اکسید پتاسیم در هکتار به ترتیب از منبع اوره، سوپر فسفات تریپل و سولفات پتاسیم)، سی تن کمپوست در هکتار، پانزده تن کمپوست در هکتار + 4 1 کود شیمیایی تیمار 2، پانزده تن کمپوست در هکتار + 4 2 کود شیمیایی تیمار 2، پانزده تن کمپوست در هکتار + 4 3 کود شیمیایی تیمار 2 در هکتار با سه تکرار در دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری در سال 1391 اجرا گردید. نتایج نشان داد که شاخص های رشد و عملکردی نظیر تعداد گل در بوته، تعداد ساقه فرعی، تعداد گلبرگ، قطر گل اصلی، قطر نهنج، قطر ساقه اصلی، وزن تر و خشک گل و غلظت کلروفیل a و b در مرحله گلدهی کامل تحت تأثیر کاربرد کود شیمیایی و کمپوست قرار گرفت. تیمار تلفیق 15 تن کمپوست و 4 1 تیمار کود شیمیایی موجب افزایش 30 درصدی قطر نهنج و قطر ساقه اصلی، افزایش 50 درصدی تعداد گلبرگ گردید. همچنین کاربرد 15 تن کمپوست به همراه 4 1 کود شیمیایی، غلظت کلروفیل a و کلروفیل b، تعداد گل در بوته و وزن تر و خشک گل را در حدود 80 درصد افزایش داد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation on the effect of different sources of fertilizers on growth indices and yield of coneflower (Echinacea purpurea L.) as a medicinal plant

نویسندگان [English]

  • M. Ashnavar 1
  • Mohammad ali Bahmanyar 2
  • Vahid Akbarpour 3
1 Islamic Azad University, Karaj
2 Department of Soil Sciences, Sari University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Sari, Iran.
3
چکیده [English]

In order to investigate the response of coneflower to applying chemical fertilizer and incorporation with municipal solid waste compost (MSWC), a pot experiment was conducted as completely randomized design with six treatments included: control (without applying chemical fertilizer and compost), chemical fertilizer (150 kg N, 120 kg P2O5 and 250 kg K2O per hectare from urea, triple super phosphate and potassium sulphate source, respectively) (CF), 30 t.ha-1 MSWC, 15 t.ha-1 MSWC + 1 4 CF, 15 t.ha-1 MSWC+2 4 CF, and 15 t.ha-1 MSWC + 3 4 CF with three replications during 2012 in Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University. Results indicated that growth and yield indices such as the number of flowers per plant, number of lateral branches, number of petals, main flower’s diameter, receptacle’s diameter, main stem’s diameter, fresh weight of flower, dry weight of flower and concentration of chlorophyll a and b in flowering stage were affected by application of chemical fertilizer and MSWC. The incorporation 15t.ha-1 MSWC + 1 4 CF also enhanced the diameter of receptacle, main stem’s diameter, the number of petals, 30%, 30% and 50%, respectively. Meanwhile, applying 15 t.ha-1 MSWC + 1 4 CF/ha increased the concentration of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, number of flowers per plant, total fresh and dry matter of flower about 80%.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Chemical fertilizer
  • Chlorophyll a and b
  • Fresh and dry weight
  • Municipal solid waste compost
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