تاثیر ماده آلی هیومیک اسید بر ویژگی های رشد، عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد ؟ سه رقم گوجه فرنگی (Lycopersicon esculentum L.)

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

• بهنام صالحی
• علی باقرزاده
• محسن قاسمی

دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد مشهد، مشهد، ایران

10.22067/jag.v2i4.8802

چکیده

استفاده بی رویه از کودهای شیمیایی در دهه اخیر به منظور تولید بیشتر محصولات کشاورزی، آلودگی خاک و آب و محیط زیست را به همراه داشته است. از اینرو با توجه به تاثیر مثبت ماده آلی هیومیک اسید در کشاورزی اکولوژیک هدف تقلیل مصرف کودهای شیمیایی و تعیین مقدار مناسب مصرف ماده آلی هیومیک اسید آزمایشی جهت بررسی و تعیین مقدار مناسب مصرف ماده آلی هیومیک اسید بر روی سه رقم گوجه فرنگی (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) در خراسان رضوی در سال زراعی 89-1388 در مزرعه واقع در اراضی بخش احمد آباد (حومه مشهد) به صورت کرتهای خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی انجام گرفت که طی آن چهار سطح هیومیک اسید به میزان 0، 1، 5/1 و 2 (کیلوگرم در هکتار) بر روی سه رقم گوجه فرنگی با نامهای (Super Chief، Estern و Super CH) جمعاً در 12 تیمار و سه تکرار مورد آزمایش قرار گرفت. در بررسی مقادیر مختلف مصرف هیومیک اسید سه صفت بیوماس، شاخص بریکس و وزن کل میوه در بوته در سطح 1% دارای اختلاف معنی دار شده و غلظت 5/1 کیلو گرم در هکتار بیشترین تاثیر را در افزایش میزان این صفات داشته است. در بررسی شاخص متوسط وزن تک میوه در بوته بیشترین مقدار به میزان 85/93 گرم متعلق به رقم Stern در مقابل مصرف 5/1 کیلو گرم در هکتار هیومیک اسید به دست آمد. بیشترین تعداد میوه در بوته در واکنش به سطح مصرف 2 کیلو گرم در هکتار هیومیک اسید متعلق به رقمSuper Chief می باشد. در بررسی تعداد برگ در بوته با دارا بودن 1% اختلاف معنی دار در بین ارقام، بیشترین تعداد برگ در رقمStern مشاهده شد. در تعیین میزان عملکرد کل میوه در بوته، برهمکنش رقمSuper Chief به سطح مصرف 5/1 کیلو گرم در هکتار هیومیک اسید دارای بیشترین عملکرد بود که میزان آن 97/1 کیلوگرم در بوته می باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

• شاخص بریکس
• کارایی عناصر
• کود آلی
• وزن میوه

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عنوان مقاله [English]

Impact of humic acid on growth properties and yield components of three tomato varieties (Lycopersicon esculentum L.)

نویسندگان [English]

• Behnam Salehi
• Ali Bagherzadeh
• Mohsen Ghasemi

College of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad Branch, Mashhad, Iran

چکیده [English]

Extra use of chemical fertilizers in recent decades had resulted in pollution of water, soil and other environmental recourses. To investigate the effects of humic acid as an organic fertilizer on some yield components of three tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) varieties, an experiment was conducted during 2010 growing season at Khorasan-e-Razavi, Ahmadabad suburb of Mashhad. Experiment was arranged as split plots base on randomized complete block design with four levels of humic acid (0, 1, 1.5 and 2 kg.ha-1) and three tomato varieties (super CH, Estern and super chief) with three replications. The main plots were allocated to three tomato varieties and the subplots consisted of four humic acid levels. The results revealed that the humic acid with 1.5 kg.ha-1 application had significant effect on biomass, brix index and fruit weight among three varieties. The highest single fruit weight per plant (93.85 g) was obtained by super chief variety in 1.5 kg.ha-1 humic acid application. It was observed that among three varieties, yield per plant and the total yield were belong to super chief variety. The highest amounts of leaf numbers per plant among the varieties was belonged to stern variety. The interaction between humic acid levels and varieties showed that application of 1.5 kg.ha-1 humic acid to super chief variety had the highest total fruit weight per plant (1.97 kg per plant).

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

• Brix index
• Fruit weight
• Organic manure
• Nutrient Efficiency

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