اثر کاربرد اسید هیومیک در آب آبیاری بر عملکرد و اجزاء عملکرد ذرت (Zea mays L.)

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

چکیده

کشاورزی اکولوژیک به استفاده از مواد آلی توجه دارد و اسیدهای آلی یکی از منابع مهم مواد آلی می باشند. به منظور بررسی کاربرد اسید هیومیک در آب آبیاری بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد ذرت (Zea mays L.) (رقم سینگل کراس 704) آزمایشی در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد ، در سال زراعی 88-1387 در قالب طرح بلوک های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار انجام شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل سطوح مختلف اسید هیومیک (0، 500، 1500، 2500، 3500 و 4500 گرم در هکتار) بودند. نتایج نشان داد که اسید هیومیک بر شاخص سطح برگ، دوام سطح برگ، عملکرد دانه، عملکرد بیولوژیک، تعداد دانه در ردیف و طول بلال تأثیر معنی داری داشت، اما تأثیر آن بر شاخص برداشت، وزن هزار دانه و تعداد ردیف معنی دار نبود. تیمارهای 3500 و 4500 گرم در هکتار اسید هیومیک، به دلیل شاخص و دوام سطح برگ بالاتر، عملکرد دانه بالاتری را به خود اختصاص دادند. کمترین عملکرد دانه نیز در تیمار شاهد به دست آمد. همچنین بیشترین و کمترین عملکرد بیولوژیک نیز به ترتیب در تیمارهای 4500 گرم در هکتار و شاهد حاصل شد. افزایش عملکرد دانه به افزایش تعداد دانه در ردیف و طول بلال مربوط بود. بیشترین تعداد دانه در ردیف و همچنین طول بلال در تیمار 3500 گرم در هکتار و کمترین آنها در تیمار شاهد به دست آمد. در مجموع می توان گفت که استفاده از اسید هیومیک به دلیل اثرات مختلف فیزیولوژیکی، علاوه بر افزایش عملکرد ذرت، می تواند در جهت کاهش مصرف کودهای شیمیایی و همچنین کاهش آلودگی محیط زیست نقش مثبتی را ایفا کند و به عنوان ماده ای با منبع طبیعی در جهت پایداری و افزایش تولید محصولات زراعی مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of humic acid application with irrigation water on yield and yield components of corn (Zea mays L.)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sadegh Ghorbani
  • Hamid Reza Khazaie
  • Mohammad Kafi
  • Mohammad Bannayan Aval
Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
چکیده [English]

Agroecology emphasizes the use of organic materials in agriculture. The organic acids are important sources of organic materials. In order to study the effect of different levels of humic acid on yield and yield components of corn (Zea mays L.) an experiment was conducted at Research Station, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran, during 2009. The experiment was conducted with different levels of humic acid (0, 500, 1500, 2500, 3500 and 4500 g.ha-1) based on randomized complete block design with three replications. Results showed that different levels of humic acid imposed a significant effect on the yield parameters such as grain yield, biomass, leaf area index, leaf area duration, height, row number and ear length, but there were no significant effects on harvest index, 1000-grain weight, ear diagonal, and grain number per row did not have significant effect. According to the results, the highest and lowest grain yield belonged to 3500 g.ha-1 humic acid and control treatments respectively. The highest biomass production observed to 4500 g.ha-1 humic acid treatment. While the highest row number and ear length belonged to 3500 gha-1 humic acid treatments. Generally, it seems that application of humic acid due to having nutritional ingredients and different physiological effects improves corn performance and reduces environmental pollution and it could be used as a natural material to increase and stabilize field crop production.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Agroecology
  • Growth indices
  • Organic acids
  • Organic matter
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