1- Adair, R.J., and Groves, R.H. 1998. Impact of environmental weeds on biodiversity: a review and development of a methodology. National Weeds Program, Environment Australia 55 pp.
2- Adair, R.J., and Groves, R.H. 1998. Impact of environmental weeds on biodiversity: a review and development of a methodology. Environment Australia 51 pp.
3- Ahmadvand, G., Hosseini, S.A., and Ahmadi, A. 2005. Species composition and weed diversity of orchards in Abbasabad of Hamadan. The First Weed Conference, Tehran, Iran. (In Persian)
4- Albrecht, H. 2003. Suitability of arable weeds as indicator organisms to evaluate species conservation effects of management in agricultural ecosystems. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 98: 201-211.
5- Altieri, M.A. 1999. The ecological role of biodiversity in agroecosystems. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 74: 19-31.
6- Armengot, L., Sans, F.X., Fischer, C., Flohre, A., Jose-Maria, L., Tscharntke, T., and Thies, C. 2012. The β-diversity of arable weed communities on organic and conventional cereal farms in two contrasting regions. Applied Vegetation Science (In Press). Available in: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1654-109X/earlyview.
7- Faghih, A., and Asadi, P. 1987. Final report for weed investigation and chemical control in onion fields of East Azerbaijan. Research Institute of Plant Pests and Diseases, Tabriz, Iran. (In Persian)
8- Franke, A.C., Lotzlap, Van Der Burg, W.J., and Van Overbeek, L. 2009. The role of arable weed seeds for agroecosystem functioning. Weed Research 49: 131-141.
9- Gliessman S.R. 1995. Sustainable agriculture: an agroecological perspective. Advances in Plant Pathology 11: 45-57.
10- Grice, A.C., and Martin, T.G. 2005. The management of weeds and their impact on biodiversity in the rangelands. The CRC for Australian Weed Management. Townsville.
11- Hakansson, S. 2003. Weeds and Weed Management on Arable Land: an Ecological Approach. CABI Publishing, Oxon, UK, 274 pp.
12- Hossain, Z., Gurr, G.M., Wrattan, S.D., and Raman, A. 2002. Habitat manipulation in Lucerne, Medicago sativa: arthropod population dynamics in harvested and ‘refuge’ crop strips. Journal of Applied Ecology 39: 445-454.
13- Hyvonen, T., and Salonen, J. 2002. Weed species diversity and community composition in cropping practices at two intensity levels - a six-year experiment. Plant Ecology 159: 73-81.
14- Izquierdo, J., Blanco-Moreno, J.M., Chamorro, L., Gonzalez-Andújar, J.L., and Sans, F.X. 2009. Spatial distribution of weed diversity within a cereal field. Agronomy for Sustainable Development 29: 491-496.
15- Koocheki, A., Nassiri Mahallati, M., Tabrizi, L., Azizi, G., and Jahan, M. 2006. Assessing species and functional diversity and community structure for weeds in wheat and sugar beet in Iran. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research 4: 105-129. (In Persian with English Summary)
16- Koocheki, A., Kamkar, B., Jami Al-Ahmadi, M., and Mahdavi Damghani, A. 2003. The Role of Structure and Function in Agroecosytems Design and Management. Ferdowsi University of Mashhad Publication, Mashhad, Iran 515 pp. (In Persian)
17- Koocheki, A., Zarif Ketabi, H., and Nakh Foroush, A. 2001. Ecological Approaches for Weed Managements. Ferdowsi University of Mashhad Publication, Mashhad, Iran 458 pp. (In Persian)
18- Krauss, J., Gallenberger, I., and Steffan-Dewenter, I. 2011. Decreased functional diversity and biological pest control in conventional compared to organic crop fields. Organic versus Conventional Farming 6: 1-9.
19- Long, J., Cromwell, E., and Gold, K. 2000. On-farm management of crop diversity: an introductory bibliography. The Schumacher Centre for Technology and Development. Available at web site: www.oneworld.org/odi/
20- Nassiri Mahallati, M., Koocheki A, Rezvani Moghaddam P., and Beheshti A. 2001. Agroecology. Ferdowsi University of Mashhad Publication, Mashhad, Iran 460 pp. (In Persian)
21- Norris, R.F., and Kogan, M. 2005. Ecology of interactions between weeds and arthropods. Annual Review of Entomology 50: 479-503.
22- Poggio, S.L., Satorre, E.H., and De la Fuente, E.B. 2004. Structure of weed communities occurring in pea and wheat crops in the Rolling Pampa (Argentina). Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 103: 225-235.
23- Potts, G.R., Ewald, J.A., and Aebischer, N.J. 2010. Long-term changes in the flora of the cereal ecosystem on the Sussex Downs, England, focusing on the years 1968-2005. Journal of Applied Ecology 47: 215-226.
24- Radosevich, S.R., Holt, S.J., and Ghersa, C.M., 1997. Weed Ecology, Implications for Management. John Wiley, New York 589 pp.
25- Rathke, G.W., Behrens, T., and Diepenbrock, W. 2006. Integrated nitrogen management strategies to improve seed yield, oil content and nitrogen efficiency of winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.): a review. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 117: 80-108.
26- Robinson, R.A., and William, J.S. 2002. Post-war changes in arable farming and biodiversity in Great Britain. Journal of Applied Ecology 39: 157-176.
27- Romero, A., Chamorro, L., and Sans, F.X. 2007. Weed diversity in crop edges and inner fields of organic and conventional dryland winter cereal crops in NE Spain. Journal of Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 124: 97-104.
28- Shimi, P., and Termeh, F. 1994. Weeds Collection of Iran. Agricultural Research Organization Publication, Tehran, Iran 112 pp. (In Persian)
29- Storkey, J., and Cussans, J.W. 2007. Reconciling the conservation of in-field biodiversity with crop production using a simulation model of weed growth and competition. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 122: 173–182.
30- Storkey, J. 2006. A functional group approach to the management of UK arable weeds to support biological diversity. Weed Research 46: 513-522.
31- Teresa Mas, M., Poggio, S.L., and Verdú, A.M.C. 2007. Weed community structure of mandarin orchards under conventional and integrated management in northern Spain. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 119: 305-310.
ارسال نظر در مورد این مقاله