مطالعه اثر سطوح مختلف شوری و پرایمینگ بذر بر جوانه زنی و خصوصیات گیاهچه دو گونه دارویی خانواده مرکبان

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

چکیده

شوری منابع آب و زمین های کشاورزی یکی مهمترین فاکتورهای محدودکننده تولید و تهدیدی برای تولید پایدار محصولات زراعی در ایران محسوب می‏شود. به منظور بررسی تأثیر آنتی اکسیدان های مختلف و سطوح مختلف شوری بر خصوصیات مربوط به جوانه زنی و گیاهچه ای دو گونه دارویی خار مقدس (Cnicus benedictus L.) و کاسنی (Cichorium intybus L.) مطالعه ای بصورت دو آزمایش جداگانه فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح کاملاً تصادفی در چهار تکرار در سال 1388 در آزمایشگاه گیاهان ویژه دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد انجام گرفت. فاکتور اول مورد مطالعه برای هر گیاه شامل نوع ماده پیش تیمار (آنتی اکسیدان) درچهار سطح (آب مقطر (شاهد)، اسید آسکوربیک با غلظت 40 میلی مولار، اسید جیبرلیک با غلظت 75 میلی گرم بر لیتر و اسید سالسیلیک با غلظت 5/1 میلی مولار) و فاکتور دوم، پنج سطح مختلف شوری برحسب هدایت الکتریکی ناشی از افزودن NaCl (شاهد، 5، 10، 15 و 20 دسی زیمنس بر متر) بود. براساس نتایج حاصله پیش تیمار با اسید سالسیلیک باعث بهبود خصوصیات جوانه زنی و گیاهچه ای گونه خار مقدس تحت شرایط شوری شد، ولی در مورد گونه کاسنی این بهبود در پیش تیمار با اسید جیبرلیک رخ داد. هر دو گونه مورد آزمایش در مرحله جوانه زنی تحمل مناسبی نسبت به شوری نشان دادند و در تیمار 20 دسی زیمنس بر متر حدود 60 درصد شاهد جوانه زنی داشتند. بررسی ارتباط بین سرعت جوانه زنی و طول ساقه چه و ریشه چه نشان داد که همبستگی بالایی بین این صفات بخصوص در گونه کاسنی وجود دارد. بطور کلی می توان چنین بیان کرد که برای بهبود جوانه زنی تحت شرایط شوری پیش تیمار با اسید سالسیلیک در گونه خار مقدس و اسید جیبرلیک برای گونه کاسنی قابل توجیه است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Study the effect of salinity levels and seed priming on germination and seedling properties of two medicinal plant species from Asteraceae family

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Kafi
  • Ehsan Eyshi Rezaei
  • Matin Haghighi Khah
  • Sadegh Ghorbani
Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
چکیده [English]

Soil and water sources salinity are important constrains which threat the sustainable agriculture production in Iran. In order to evaluate the effect of different antioxidants and salinity levels on germination and seedling properties of two medicinal species (Cnicus benedictus L.), and (Cichorium intybus L.), an experiment was conducted using a factorial based on completely randomized design with four replications at Special Crops Laboratory of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. The studied factor for each plant included: seed priming at 4 levels including control (distilled water), ascorbic acid (40 mM), gibberlic acid (75 mg.lit-1) and salicylic acid (1.5 mM), and five salinity levels according to electrical conductivity by adding NaCl to distilled water (control, 5,10,15 and 20 ds.m-1). According to results, pretreatment with salicylic acid improved all of the germination and seedling properties in Cnicus benedictus L. but gibberlic acid could to improved germination and seedling properties in Cichorium intybus L. species. There were strong correlation between germination rate and radical and caulicle length especially on Cichorium intybus species. Generally, seed priming with gibberlic acid and salicylic acid could improve germination and seedling properties of these two species. Both species showed a reliable tolerance to NaCl salinity at germination stage, and germination was 60% compared with control at 20 ds.m-1 treatment.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Antioxidant
  • Germination rate
  • Medicinal plants
  • Pretreatment
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