اثر محلول پاشی متانول بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد سویا (Glycine max L.)

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، واحد کرج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرج، ایران

2 موسسه بیوتکنولوژی کرج، ایران

3 دانشکده کـشاورزی و منـابع طبیعی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد ورامین، ورامین، ایران

چکیده

به منظور بررسی اثر متانول بر رشد و نمو و اجزای عملکرد سویا (Glycine max L. var. L 17)، آزمایشی با استفاده از طرح بلوک های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در سال زراعی 87-1386 در مزرعه پژوهشی دانشگاه آزاد کرج اجرا شد. در این آزمایش تیمار شاهد (M0، بدون مصرف متانول) و محلولهای 7(M1) ، 14(M2)، 21(M3) ، 28(M4) و35 (M5) درصد حجمی، سه بار در فصل رشد با فواصل 15 روز یکبار بر روی قسمت های هوایی بوته های سویا محلول پاشی شدند. صفات اندازه گیری شده شامل عملکرد دانه، ارتفاع بوته، سطح برگ، تعداد شاخه فرعی، وزن خشک کل بوته، درصد روغن و پروتئین دانه، بیوماس کل و اجزای عملکرد بود. نتایج نشان داد که بین تیمارهای مختلف در سطح احتمال 5 درصد تفاوت معنی دار وجود داشت. مقایسه میانگین خصوصیات مورد بررسی نشان داد که اثر سطوح محلول های 14 (M2) و 21(M3) درصد حجمی متانول بر صفات مورد ارزیابی بیشتر از سایر تیمارها بود و کاربرد متانول در تیمارهای 14 و21 درصد حجمی به ترتیب موجب 8/16درصد و 2/40 درصد افزایش عملکرد نسبت به تیمار شاهد شد. محلول پاشی متانول باعث افزایش عملکرد، ارتفاع، وزن هزار دانه، تعداد غلاف پر شده، سطح برگ و بیوماس گردید.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of methanol spraying on yield and yield components of soybean (Glycine max L.)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mojtaba Mirakhori 1
  • Farzad Paknejad 1
  • Mohammad Reza Ardakani 1
  • Foad Moradi 2
  • Parisa Nazeri 1
  • Mohammad Nasri 3
1 Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
2 Karaj Institute of Biotechnology, Iran
3 Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources , Islamic Islamic Azad University, Varamin Branch, Varamin , Iran
چکیده [English]

In order to evaluate the application of methanol on yield and yield components of soybean (Glycine max L., var. L 17) in field conditions, experiments were conducted based on a randomized complete block design with three replications at the Field Research from Faculty of Agricultural of Islamic Azad University Karaj, Iran, during 2008. Sprayed aqueous solutions were zero (control), 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35% (v/v) methanol by there times during growth season of soybean with 15 days intervals on shoot of soybean. In this study soybean grain yield, biomass HI, 1000 grain weigh, height plants, number of branch, diameter of stem, number of pod on plant, number of hollow pod were measured. Results of the experiment indicated that there are significant differences (p>0.05) between sprayed of solution methanol on all parameters. Results also showed the effect of aqueous solution 14, 21 and 28% (v/v) methanol on measured parameters was greater than other treatments. Foliar application of 14% and 21%, (v/v) methanol increased leaf area index, crop growth rate, pod growth rate, leaf area duration, pod yield, seed yield, weight of 1000 kernel, mature pods per plants. The lowest grain yield obtained in control plots and 35% (v/v) methanol treatments.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • C3 Plant
  • Crop
  • Leaf Area Index
1- Andres, R., Lazaro, A., Hermoso, R., and Gorge, L.1990. Effect of alcohols on the association of photosynthetic FBPase to thylakoid membranes. Plant physiology 78: 409-413.
2- Cossins, E. 1964.The utilization of carbon-1-compounds by plants. Canadian Journal of Biochemistry 42:1793-1802.
3- Downie, A., Miyazaki, S., Bohnert, H., John, P., Coleman, J., Parry, M., and Haslam, R. 2004. Expression profiling of the response of Arabidopsis thaliana to methanol stimulation. Phytochemistry 65: 2305-2316.
4- Fall, R., and Benson, A.A. 1996. Leaf methanol, the simplest natural product from plants.Trends in Plant Science 1: 296-301.
5- Faver, K.L., and Gerik, T.J. 1996. Foliar-applied methanol effects on cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) gas exchange and growth. Field Crops Research 47:227-234.
6- Galbally, E., and Kirstine, W. 2002. Production of methanol by flowers. Atmosphere 43(3): 195_223
7- Gay, S. 1980. Article physiological aspects of yield improvement in soybean. Agronomy Journal 72: 387-391.
8- Gout, E., Aubert, S., Bligny, R., Rebeille, F., and Nonomura, A.R. 2000. Metabolism of methanol in plant cells. Carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance studies. Plant Physiology 123: 287-296.
9- Hafez, Y.D. 1983. Nutrient composition of different variation strains of soybean. Nutrition Report 28(6): 1197-1206.
10- Hanson, A.D., Roje, S. 2001. One-carbon metabolism in higher plants. Annual Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology 52: 119-137.
11- Heins, R. 1980. Inhibition of ethylene synthesis and senescence in carnation by ethanol. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 105 (1):141-144.
12- Hemming, D., and Criddle, R. 1995. Effects of methanol on plant respiration. Plant Physiology 146: 193-198.
13- Ivanova, E.G., Dornina, N.V., and Trotsenko, Y.A. 2001. Aerobic methylobacteria are capable of synthesizing auxins. Microbiology 70: 392-397.
14- Jag Mohan. 1996. Foliar Applied methanol and nitrogen for increased productivity on leguminous plant. Plant Physiology 45:197-209.
15- Johnson, A.M., and Tanaka, D. 2002. Oil Seed Crop. Agronomy Journal 94:231-240.
16- Jonson, H.W., Robinson, H.F., and Comstock, R.E. 1995. Genotypic and phenotypic correlation in soybean. Agronomy Journal 47: 477-483.
17- Kishitani, S., Takanami, T., Suzuki, M., Oikawa, M., Yokoi, S., Ishitani, M., Nakase, A.M.A., Laurence, R.C.N., and Gibbons, R.W. 1976. Changes in yield, protein, oil and maturity of groundnut cultivars with the application of sulphur fertilizers and fungicides. Agricultural Science 86: 245-250.
18- Lawlor, D. 1987. Photosynthesis: Metabolism, Control and Physiology. Longman, Harlow. 262 pp.
19- Li, Y., Gupta, J., and Siyumbano, A.K. 1995. Effect of methanol on soybean photosynthesis and chlorophyll. Plant Nutrition 18: 1875–1880.
20- Madhaiyan, T., Poonguzhali, S., Sundaram, S.P., and Sa, T. 2006. A new insight into foliar applied methanol influencing phylloplane ethylotrophic dynamics and growth promotion of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) and sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.). Environmental and Experimental Botany 57: 168-176.
21- Makhdum, M.I., Malik, M.N.A., Din, S.U., Ahmad, F., and Chaudhry, F.I. 2002. Physiological response of cotton to methanol foliar application. Journal of Research (Science) 13: 37–43.
22- Mc Giffen, M., and Manthey, J.A. 1996. The role of methanol in promoting plant growth: a current evaluation. Horticultural Science 31:1092– 1096.
23- Nemecek, M., MacDonald, R.C, Franzen, J.J, Wojciechowski, C.L., and Fall, R. 1995. Methanol emission from leaves: enzymatic detection of gas-phase methanol and relation of methanol fluxes to stomatal conductance and leaf development. Plant Physiology 108: 1359–1368.
24- Nonomura, A.M., Estero, E., and Ariz, L.P.1945. Methods and Compositions for Enhancing Carbon Fixation in Plants. United States Patent, PCT Publication, Number 55974. 400 pp.
25- Nonomura, A.M., and Benson, A.A. 1992. The path of carbon in photosynthesis: improved crop yields with methanol. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 89: 9794–9798.
26- Obendorf, R.L., Koch, J.L., Gorecki, R.J., Amable, R.A., and Aveni, M.T. 1990. Methanol accumulation in maturing seeds. Experimental Botany 41: 489-495.
27- Petridou, M., Voyiatzi, C., and Voyiatzis, D. 2001. Methanol, ethanol and other compounds retard leaf senescence and improve the vase life and quality of cut chrysanthemum flowers. Postharvest Biology and Technology 23(1): 79-83.
28- Rajala, A., Karkkainen, J., Peltonen, J., and Peltonen-Sainio, P. 1998. Foliar application of alcohols failed to enhance growth and yield of C3 crops. Industrial Crops and Products 7: 129-137.
29- Ramberg, H.A., Bradley, J.S.C., Olson, J.S.C., Nishio, J.N., Markwell, J., and Osterman, J.C. 2002. The role of methanol in promoting plant growth: an update. Plant Biochemistry and Biotechnology 1:113-126.
30- Ramirez, I., Dorta, F., Espinoza, V., Jimenez, E., Mercado, A., and Pena-Cortes, H. 2006. Effects of foliar and root applications of methanol on the growth of Arabidopsis, tobacco and tomato plants. Plant Growth Regulation 25: 30–44.
31- Safarazade Vishgahi, M.N., and Nourmohamadi Magidi, H. 2007. Effect of methanol on peanut function and yield components. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 103-88. (In Persian with English Summary).
32- Theodoridou, A., Dornemann, D., and Kotzabasis, K. 2002. Light-dependent induction of strongly increased microalgal growth by methanol. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1573: 189–198.
33- Zbiec, I., and Podsiad, C.O. 2003. Response of some cultivated plants to methanol as compared to supplemental irrigation. Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities 6(1): 1-7.
CAPTCHA Image