مطالعه اثر باقیمانده کود های آلی، عناصر بر و روی بر ویژگی های خاک، وزن خشک و ترکیب شیمیایی گندم (Triticum aestivum L.)

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسنده

گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

چکیده

این آزمایش با هدف بررسی اثر باقیمانده کودهای آلی، عناصر بر و روی بر ویژگی های خاک و وزن خشک گیاه و ترکیب شیمیایی گندم (Triticum aestivum L.) ، پس از برداشت ارزن(Panicum italicum L.) ، در یک طرح کاملاً تصادفی در قالب آزمایش فاکتوریل با سه تکرار در شرایط گلخانه بررسی شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی در کشت قبلی شامل کودهای آلی (کمپوست زباله شهری و کود گاوی) هر کدام معادل 25 تن در هکتار، عنصر روی در دو سطح صفر و 50 کیلوگرم در هکتار و عنصر بر در دو سطح صفر و 10 کیلوگرم در هکتار بوده که پس از برداشت ارزن، اثرات باقی مانده کودها در خاک بر گیاه گندم بررسی شد. نتایج آزمایش نشان داد باقیمانده کاربرد کودهای گاوی و کمپوست زباله شهری باعث افزایش معنی دار pHخاک، درصد کربن آلی و فراهمی عناصر آهن، روی، مس و بر در خاک گردید. باقیمانده روی باعث افزایش معنی دار وزن ماده خشک گندم و نیز مقدار های عناصر آهن و روی در خاک و گیاه شد. در حالی که مقدار عنصر بر شاخساره گندم با مصرف روی کاهش قابل توجهی داشت. باقیمانده 10 کیلوگرم عنصر بر در هکتار مقدار های آهن را معادل 2 درصد، مس را 4/1 درصد و بر را 6/65 درصد در گندم افزایش داده، ولی در مقدار روی تأثیر معنی داری نداشت. صرف نظر از فراهمی عناصر بر و روی، اثرات باقیمانده کاربرد کودهای آلی منجر به افزایش معنی دار مقدار عناصر آهن، روی، مس و بر در گیاه گردید. برهمکنش کودهای آلی و عناصر بر و روی بر مقدار عناصر روی، آهن، بر و مس در گیاه نیز معنی دار شد. به طور کلی می توان نتیجه گیری کرد که باقیمانده کودهای آلی، عناصر روی و بر از کشت قبلی می تواند برای گیاه بعدی به طور موثری در حاصلخیزی خاک و کیفیت گیاه تأثیر داشته باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Residual effects of organic manures, boron and zinc elements on soil properties, wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) dry weight and chemical composition

نویسنده [English]

  • Alireza Astaraei
چکیده [English]

A greenhouse experiment was conducted using completely randomised design (factorial) with three replications to study the residual effect of organic manures (municipal solid waste compost and cow manure), zinc (0 and 50 kgha-1) and boron (0 and 10 kg.ha-1) by using ZnSO4 and H3BO3 salts respectively, (applied earlier for millet (Panicum italicum L.) crop) on soil properties and chemical composition of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Results showed that the residual effect of Zn increased total plant dry weight, available Fe and Zn concentrations of soil and plant significantly. While, available B concentration in plant decreased by 30.9% with increasing Zn application. The residual effect of B at 10 kg.ha-1, increased Fe, Cu and B contents of plant by 2%, 1.4% and 65.6%, respectively. While no significant effect was noted with respect to plant Zn content. Irrespective of Zn and B availability, application of residual organic matter significantly increased Fe, Zn, Cu and B contents of plant. Interaction effects of Zn, B and organic manures resulted in a significant Zn, Fe, B and Cu contents of plant. It is concluded that the residual effects of organic matter, Zinc and boron applied for previous millet crop, showed significant impacts in improving soil productivity and crop quality.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cow manure
  • Microelements
  • Municipal solid waste compost
  • Soil salinity
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