واکنش عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد برنج Oryza sativa L.)) رقم طارم هاشمی در کشت توأم برنج، اردک و آزولا (Azolla sp.)

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه زراعت، دانشکده علوم زراعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ایران

2 گروه زراعت، پژوهشکده ژنتیک و زیست فناوری طبرستان، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی ومنابع طبیعی ساری، ایران

3 گروه آبیاری، دانشکده علوم زراعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ایران

چکیده

به منظور ارزیابی عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد برنج (Oryza sativa L.) رقم طارم هاشمی در کشت توأم برنج، اردک و آزولا (Azolla sp.)، آزمایشی به صورت اسپلیت پلات در قالب طرح بلوک‏های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در مزرعه پژوهشی دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری در سال زراعی 92-1391 اجرا شد. در این آزمایش تعداد اردک به عنوان عامل اصلی در چهار سطح (صفر، 400، 800 و 1200 قطعه در هکتار) و منبع کود نیتروژن به عنوان عامل فرعی در چهار سطح (بدون آزولا و نیتروژن، نیتروژن از منبع اوره (50 کیلوگرم در هکتار)، آزولا (500 گرم در متر مربع) و آزولا (500 گرم در متر مربع) + نیتروژن (50 کیلوگرم در هکتار)) در نظر گرفته شد. نتایج حاصل از تجزیه واریانس بیانگر اختلاف معنی دار تعداد اردک، منبع کود نیتروژن و برهمکنش آن ها از نظر صفات ارتفاع بوته، تعداد پنجه در بوته، تعداد دانه در خوشه و عملکرد شلتوک بود. بر اساس نتایج حاصل از مقایسه میانگین برهمکنش صفات، بالاترین مقادیر ارتفاع بوته (133 سانتی متر)، تعداد پنجه در بوته (38 عدد)، تعداد دانه در خوشه (171 عدد) و عملکرد شلتوک (4000 کیلوگرم در هکتار) در تیمار 1200 قطعه اردک در هکتار به همراه آزولا و نیتروژن مشاهده شد. در مجموع نتایج به دست آمده در این پژوهش نشان داد که افزایش تراکم اردک در واحد سطح از 400 تا 1200 قطعه در هکتار به همراه کاربرد آزولا و نیتروژن منجر به افزایش عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد برنج (رقم طارم هاشمی) شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Response of yield and yield components of rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Tarom Hashemi) in rice, duck and Azolla (Azolla sp.) farming

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Gharavi Baigi 1
  • Hemmatollah Pirdashti 2
  • Arastoo Abbasian 1
  • Ghasem Aghajaniye Mazandarani 3
1 Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Iran
2 Department of Agronomy, Genetic and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute of Tabarestan, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran
3 Department of Irrigation, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Iran
چکیده [English]

In order to evaluate the yield and yield components of rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Tarom Hashemi) in integrated rice, duck and Azolla, an experiment was conducted at the Research Farm of Sari University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources during 2012. Experiment was arranged in split plot based on a randomized complete block design with three replications. The number of ducks as main plots at four levels (0, 400, 800 and 1200 ducks.ha-1) and Nitrogen source as sub plots at four levels (without Azolla and nitrogen, Azolla, Azolla+nitrogen and nitrogen) were the treatments. Analysis of variance showed highly significant differences for the number of ducks, Azolla+nitrogen and their interaction effects of plant height, number of tillers.plant-1, number of panicle.plant-1, number of grains.panicle-1, panicle weight, panicle dry weight and grain yield. The results revealed that the highest values of plant height (133 cm), number of tillers (38 tillers.plant-1), number of panicle (24 numbers.plant-1), number of grains (171 numbers.panicle-1), panicle weight (23 g), panicle dry weight (13 g) and grain yield (4 t.ha-1) were recorded in 1200 duck pieces per hectare while treated with Azolla (500 g.m-2) and nitrogen (50 kg.ha-1). In conclusion, results of the current experiment showed that increasing of duck number from 400 to 1200 pieces.ha-1 along with Azolla and nitrogen could enhance the yield and yield components of rice (Tarom Hashemi cultivar).

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Integrated farming
  • Nitrogen
  • Organic farming
  • Paddy
  • Panicle
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