ارزیابی صفات کیفی گلرنگ (Carthamus tinctorius L.) تحت‌ تأثیر کاربرد ازتوباکتر و همزیستی میکوریزایی

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه آز اد اسلامی، واحد کرج، کرج، ایران

2 گروه زراعت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد فراهان، فراهان، ایران

3 گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه آز اد اسلامی واحد کرج، کرج، ایران

چکیده

تحقیق حاضر به منظور ارزیابی صفات کیفی گلرنگ تحت‌ تأثیر کاربرد ازتوباکتر و همزیستی میکوریزایی (همزیستی ریشه گیاه میزبان با قارچ گلوموس)، به صورت آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اراک در سال زراعی 91-1390 انجام شد. تیمارها شامل تلقیح با ازتوباکتر در سه سطح (عدم تلقیح، تلقیح با ازتوباکتر سویه 5 و تلقیح با ازتوباکتر سویه 12) و قارچ‌ گلوموس در چهار سطح (عدم تلقیح، تلقیح با Glomus intraradices، تلقیح با G. mosseae و تلقیح با مخلوط intraradices .G و G. mosseae) بود. نتایج نشان داد که اثر متقابل ازتوباکتر و قارچ‌ گلوموس (کاربرد توأم دو ترکیب) بیشترین تأثیر افزایشی را روی صفات درصد فسفر دانه، وابستگی میکوریزایی و درصد نیتروژن دانه در گلرنگ نشان داد. بیشترین فسفر دانه (58/0 درصد) در تیمار تلقیح با ازتوباکتر 5 و تلقیح با مخلوط G. intraradices و G. mosseae (A1M3) و کمترین آن (37/0 درصد) در تیمار تلقیح با ازتوباکتر 5 و تلقیح با G. mosseae (A1M2) دیده شد. بالاترین (14/3 درصد) و پایینترین (46/2 درصد) نیتروژن دانه نیز به ترتیب در تیمارهای تلقیح با ازتوباکتر 12 و تلقیح با مخلوط G. intraradices و G. mosseae (A2M3) و عدم تلقیح با ازتوباکتر و تلقیح با G. intraradices (A0M1) به دست آمد. اثر اصلی ازتوباکتر و قارچ‌ گلوموس ‌بر صفات درصد روغن دانه، عملکرد روغن دانه، درصد فسفر دانه، درصد کلونیزاسیون ریشه و وابستگی میکوریزایی در گلرنگ تأثیر معنی‌دار داشت. بیشترین درصد روغن دانه، عملکرد روغن دانه، درصد فسفر دانه، درصد کلونیزاسیون ریشه و وابستگی میکوریزایی در تیمار تلقیح با ازتوباکتر 12 نسبت به عدم تلقیح آن به دست آمد. لذا با توجه به اثرات مثبت کاربرد میکروار‌گانیسم‌ها می‌توان باکتری ازتوباکتر به تنهایی یا به همراه قارچ‌ گلوموس و به همراه مصرف 50 کیلوگرم از منبع اوره را توصیه نمود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of the qualitative traits of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) as affected by Azotobacter and Mycorrhizal symbiosis

نویسندگان [English]

  • arezoo omidi 1
  • Mohammad Mirzakhani 2
  • Mohammad reza Ardakani 3
1 agricultural Faculty, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
3 agricultural Faculty, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

This study was performed for evaluation of the qualitative traits of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) as affected by Azotobacter and mycorrhizal symbiosis (host plant root symbiosis with the Glomus fungi) as factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replications in research farm of college of Arak Islamic Azad University during growing season of 2011-2012. Treatments including of inoculated with Azotobacter in three levels (Non-inoculated, inoculation with Azotobacter-5 and inoculation with Azotobacter-12) and Glomus fungi treatment in four levels (Non-inoculated, inoculation with Glomus intraradices, inoculation with Glomus mosseae and inoculation with mixed G. intraradices and G. mossae). Results showed that interaction effect of Azotobacter and Glomus fungi (the combined use of the two combinations) had significant effect on seed phosphorous percent mycorrhizal dependency and seed nitrogen percent of safflower. The highest seed phosphorus (0.58%) was observed from inoculation with Azotobacter-5 and inoculation with mixed G. intraradices and G. mosseae (A1M3) and the lowest (0.37%) from treatment of inoculation with Azotobacter-5 and inoculation with G. mosseae (A1M2). Highest (3.14%) and lowest (2.46%) seed nitrogen were obtained with inoculation with Azotobacter-12 and inoculation with mixed G. intraradices and G. mosseae (A2M3) and non-inoculated with Azotobacter and inoculation with G. intraradices (A0M1), respectively. The main effect of Azotobacter and Glomus fungi inoculation was on seed oil percent, seed oil yield, seed phosphorous percent, root colonization percent and mycorrhizal dependency of safflower. The highest seed oil percent, seed oil yield, seed phosphorus percent, root colonization percent and mycorrhizal dependency of inoculation with Azotobacter-12 than those obtained from non-inoculated.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Inoculation with Glomus fungi
  • Oil
  • Relative water content of leaf
  • Root colonization
  • Seed phosphorous
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