ارزیابی عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد ذرت (Zea mays L.) در کشت مخلوط با بادام زمینی

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران

چکیده

به منظور بررسی اثر سیستم کاشت، فاصله ردیف و وجین علف های هرز بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد ذرت در کشت مخلوط با بادام زمینی، آزمایشی در مزرعه آموزشی-پژوهشی پژوهشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه زابل در سال 91-1390 به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار اجرا گردید. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل چهار سیستم کاشت مخلوط به عنوان عامل اول شامل (خالص ذرت، خالص بادام زمینی، 50 درصد ذرت+ 50 درصد بادام زمینی، 100 درصد ذرت+ 100 درصد بادام زمینی)، فاصله ردیف به عنوان عامل دوم با دو سطح 40 و 50 سانتی-متر و وجین علف های هرز به عنوان عامل سوم در سه سطح شامل (عدم وجین، یک بار وجین و دوبار وجین) مد نظر قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد که سیستم های مختلف کشت بر ارتفاع بوته، قطر ساقه، تعداد دانه در بلال، تعداد دانه در ردیف، تعداد بلال در بوته، وزن هزار دانه، عملکرد بیولوژیک، عملکرد اقتصادی و شاخص برداشت ذرت تاثیر معنی داری )01/0 (p≤داشتند. همچنین اثر وجین علف های هرز بر همه صفات به جز عملکرد بیولوژیک، عملکرد اقتصادی و شاخص برداشت معنی دار بود. اثر فاصله ردیف بر قطر ساقه، تعداد بلال در بوته، وزن هزار دانه، عملکرد بیولوژیک و عملکرد اقتصادی معنی دار بود. بیشترین عملکرد اقتصادی ذرت در کشت خالص ذرت، دوبار وجین و فاصله ردیف 40 سانتی متر به دست آمد. نتایج این آزمایش نشان داد که بالاترین میزان نسبت برابری زمین در سیستم کاشت 100 درصد ذرت + 100 درصد بادام زمینی به دست آمد که نشان از برتری کشت مخلوط نسبت به کشت خالص ذرت دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of yield and yield components of maize (Zea mays L.) in intercropping with peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mehdi Dahmardeh
  • Abbas Keshtegar
Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Zabol University, Zabol, Iran
چکیده [English]

In order to study the sowing system, row distance and weeding effect on yield and yield components of intercropped maize with peanut, this experiment was conducted, as factorial based on a RCBD with three replications at the research farm of agriculture center of Zabol University (Iran) during growing season 2011- 2012. Sowing system were four levels including sole maize, sole peanut, 50% maize + 50% peanut, 100% maize + 100% peanut as the first factor and row distance as the second factor in two levels 40 and 50 cm and weeding as third factor in three levels of non-weeding, once weeding, twice weeding. The results showed that effect of the sowing system was significant on plant height, stem diameter, Number of kernel/ear-1, Number of kernel/row-1, Number of ear/plant-1, 1000-grain weight, biological yield, economical yield and harvest index of maize. Effect of weeding was significant on studied characteristics excluding of biological yield, economical yield and harvest index. The highest economical yield was obtained from sole maize, twice weeding and density of 50 cm. The highest LER was observed from 100% maize + 100% peanut.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Ear number
  • Economical yield
  • Harvest index
  • LER
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